Literature and Resources Cultural Landscapes 2010

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UNDER CONSTRUCTION!!!

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Lecture Documents and Concept Maps


These documents are only available for seminar participants.


Thematic fields according to the 2010 ECLAS conference "Cultural Landscapes"

Thematic map "Cultural Landscapes"

Cultural Landscapes: Education, research methods and approaches

such as profession based education, multi-disciplinary education, interdisciplinary education etc.


Responses of cultural landscapes to changing natural processes

such as climate change, re-colonization of abandoned lands, impact of emerging need for sustainability etc.


Landscapes as a reflection of changing cultural processes

such as globalization, multiculturalism, emerging awareness to sustainability, etc.


Technology as a driver of cultural landscape change

such as international styles, disappearing vernacular styles as a result of increased visual images through internet as well as advanced technology to enable new construction methods and techniques and capability to use new materials or recycled materials, etc.


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TOPOS articles

Topos 26/1999 IBA - a renewal concept for a region

The focus of Topos 26 is on one region in one country: the Emscher region in North Rhine-Westphalia, a part of the Ruhr district. Once the industrial heart of Europe, the site of ruthless industrialization, it had overslept structural change. Now it is the home of the IBA (International Building Exhibition) Emscher Park.


  • Kohler, Dorothée: The IBA Emscher Park – a typically German project? In France the achievements of the IBA are considered outstanding. For such a megaproject, however, the organisation is not French at all.
  • Dettmar, Jörg: Wilderness or park? The Leftover Land Project taking place as part of the Emscher Park IBA introduces the concept of "industrial nature".
  • Poblotzki, Ursula: Transformation of a landscape The Ruhr is witnessing the application of urban green planning principles to a whole region as a motor of structural change.
  • Schwarze-Rodrian, Michael: Intercommunal co-operation in the Emscher Landscape Park The new regional park in the Ruhr area could only have been planned and built by going across all borders. A concept and its strategies.
  • Weilacher, Udo: Rusty-brown and Phacelia blue – landmark art by the IBA Mountains, rivers, churches or castles often lend character to landscapes. In the Ruhr, artistic landmarks help perform this role.
  • Diedrich, Lisa: No politics, no park: the Duisburg-Nord model The Duisburg-Nord Landscape Park exemplifies the close co-operation between IBA managers and designers.
  • Kunzmann, Klaus R.: White work elephants in the Ruhr district's park of the future Sixteen new commercial and technology parks in the Ruhr area are the signs of new times – but their success is not assured.
  • Oldengott, Martin: The Castrop-Rauxel ecological network The spirit of the IBA has inspired municipal planning offices: they now boast intercommunal projects of their own.
  • Wachten, Kunibert: Housing developments in integrated sites The revived culture of the Ruhr area housing estates features new construction with moderate densities and makes use of historic capital.
  • Schäfer, Robert: Emscher Park Building Exhibition: a motor of structural change In 1999, the IBA presents the outcome of projects and plans concerned with the regeneration of an old industrial region.
  • Pehnt, Wolfgang: Changes have to take place in people's heads first The IBA Emscher Park has provided the Ruhr with a new identity and opened up new paths, both in the outside world and in people's minds.


Topos 44/2003 Conversion

Perforations, shrinkage, intermediate city – we know the terms for these processes but are not so sure about solutions for the problems caused by this landscape change. In any case, landscape is always involved.


  • Sebastyanski, Roman: Young City, Gdansk Strikes and the Solidarity movement made the Gdansk harbour known all over the world. Now it is the site of a new city district.
  • Boeri, Stefano: Thessaloniki: Gateway to the Balkans The infrastructure planned in the framework of the EU's eastward expansion is to make Thessaloniki the "new gateway to the Balkans".
  • Magnusson, Pernilla: Riera Canyadó Park, Badalona, Spain On the periphery of Barcelona, a park was created in a river bed of a diverted river, utilising unused terrain.
  • Alday Sanz, Inaki and Jover Biboum, Margarita: The Gallego river waterfront, Zuera, Spain Town planning improvements, a bull ring and a flood plain that doubles as a park are the results of a river engineering project. In the spanish town Zuera the conversion of the southern bank of the river Gallego and the revival of a town district were determined by three objectives.
  • Osty, Jacqueline: Park Théodore Monod, Le Mans, France A classical urban park has been created at the site of a former military barracks in a densely-packed city district.
  • Meyer, Sandra and de Visser, Rik: Master plan for Reden Mine A new landscape offering gardens and modern architecture is coming about amongst the ruderal vegetation of an old pithead.
  • Weilacher, Udo and Dettmar, Jörg: Landscape as a process The city is wherever an urban lifestyle is. That means it is almost everywhere. What role does that give landscape?
  • Fingerova, Radmila: Re-use of rural landscape A pilot project in the Czech Republic utilises agricultural subsidies and multi-sectoral approaches to enliven the rural landscape.
  • Smets, Marcel: Conversion of the northern railway yard in Antwerp

Two different contributions to the competition for the northern railway yard in Antwerp reflect opposite visions of "today's park".

  • Firth, Kathryn: Greenwich Peninsula Regeneration Dense urban areas are developing around a central park on the former industrial areas on the Greenwich Peninsula in London.
  • Knuijt, Martin: A landscape plan for the former island of Cadzand The former borderline between Cadzand Island and the mainland can still be read clearly in the landscape today. The tidal creek traces this line.


Topos 47/2004 Landscape concepts

Behind every change in the landscape picture are social and economic mechanisms for which we are all to blame, some of us more than others, depending on what we put in our shopping basket or where we go for the weekend. This is also where an important task for landscape architects lies. Its a great challenge to participate in creating the social, economic and legal framework conditions that shape the landscape from the outset. Another is also to find an up-date aesthetic expression.


  • Kucan, Ana: The future for Slovenian cultural landscapes Economic change calls for a new spatial planning policy. However, often conservative thought stands in the way.
  • Isman, Fabio: Less Tuscany, more Berlusconi A new law on monuments and landscape preservation in Italy now makes the demolition and sale of cultural property possible.
  • Kuhn, Rolf: Changing the landscape of Lusatia Open-cut mining has devastated the landscape of Lusatia. The restoration effort takes two conflicting scenarios into consideration.
  • Krebs, Stefanie and Franzen, Brigitte: Cultures of landscape Landscape is no longer a term tied to place or nation but an iconographic and creative practice of complex cultures.
  • Sieferle, Rolf Peter: Total Landscape Constructing new landscapes or protecting old structures - both presuppose having been legitimised by society.


Topos 56/2006 Cultural Landscapes

All over the world, the economic activities of mankind leave their mark on the landscape. Depending on land use, topography and climate, cultural landscapes differ greatly. Besides covering the preservation and rehabilitation of particular cultural landscapes, this issue of Topos focuses mainly on the transformations of landscapes and the challenges for planners involved. Examples range from an Italian wind farm to Bangkok's aquacultural landscape.


  • Moderini, Daniela and Selano, Giovanni: Windscapes The experimental wind farms of San Chirico and Spina combine renewable energy and information technologies with the region's distinguished culture to create an innovative strategy for communicating the landscape's inherent complexity.
  • Briand, Gilles and Mousquet, François-Xavier: Reversing the Image of a Coal Basin Long regarded as a serious handicap, the coal basin's brownfield sites in the French Nord Pas de Calais region, heritage of a glorious industrial past, constitute an experimental laboratory for the regeneration of derelict post-industrial land. http://www.topos.de/media/Heftthema/d26ec62d_Basin.pdf
  • Bokern, Anneke: Westergasfabriek Cultural Park The interim cultural uses of the former gasworks in Amsterdam led to converting the grounds into a "cultural park". The design intends to demonstrate transformations in the relationship between humans and nature over the last century.
  • McGrath, Brian and Thaitakoo, Danai: Bangkok`s Agri- and Aquacultural Fringe Bangkok's contemporary transportation system reflects ancient layers of waterborne urbanism overlaid with a modern automobile-driven metropolis. Between these conditions, a fresh opportunity arises to re-assess the composite cultural landscape for future bio-energy production. http://www.topos.de/media/Heftthema/f2dd7b91_Agri.pdf
  • Dailami, Ahmed and Doherty, Gareth: Cultural Continuums in Bahrain Bahrain is experiencing a tumultuous period of restructuring and expansion with an architectural language rooted in a silently salient binary of traditional versus contemporary. Transition and change are not new to Bahrain, having formed an assortment of landscapes that speak of a far more varied and complex place.
  • Russian Coutnry Estates Primarily a country base for the bourgeois, the usadba had a significant social role in pre-revolutionary Russia. Although many are now in ruins, and the needs and structure of society have changed, the agency of the usadba as a cultural hub and focus for rural communities is being rediscovered.
  • O'Donnell, Patricia M.: Preserving Designed Cultural Landscapes There is a broad legacy of cultural landscapes as designed, evolved, relic and associative properties in the USA. While cultural landscapes of all types hold interest for the planning professions, understanding the designed landscape and intervening to further its preservation is most readily taken up by design professionals.
  • Playdon, Dennis: Acoma - A Landscape of Settlement There is a broad legacy of cultural landscapes as designed, evolved, relic and associative properties in the USA. While cultural landscapes of all types hold interest for the planning professions, understanding the designed landscape and intervening to further its preservation is most readily taken up by design professionals. http://www.topos.de/media/Heftthema/c9811c28_Acoma.pdf
  • Shannon, Kelly: Drosscape New landscapes are continuously created while others are destroyed. The cultural landscapes of the 21st century include the globe's vast post-industrial landscapes, and territories simply consumed by sprawling development.
  • Krebs, Stefanie: Art and Landscape Artscape Nordland presents 33 works of art in the Norwegian fjord landscape. Different positions on art and landscape range from staging elementary forces and creating spaces for social interaction to re-romanticization and the sublime.
  • Ranatunga, Priyanka: Cultural Landscape and Tsunami Resettlement Following the 2004 tsunami in Sri Lanka, landscape architects re-interpreted ancient human settlement patterns in order to re-locate affected peoples into culturally and ecological sensitive communities.
  • Adams, Ann: Dimbangombe Project – A Holistic Landscape Approach Over the past decade there has been increasing interest in natural capitalism and a holistic approach to resource management. The Dimbangombe Project in Zimbabwe focuses on creating a healthy landscape.
  • Positioning Contemporary Landscape Architecture in China In an era of multiple unprecedented challenges imposed by the processes of industrialization and urbanization, landscape architecture is now on the verge of change in China. It is time for this profession to take the great opportunity to position itself to play the key role in rebuilding the Land of Peach Blossoms for a new society of urbanized, globalized and inter-connected people.


Topos 66/2009 Landscape Strategies

People live in cultural landscapes; they change their environments to suit economic requirements or through the way they manage their affairs. In the process, they often exhibit a strong urge to shape things, creating completely new landscapes by means of landfill islands or interventions in the existing vegetation. Landscape strategies encompass both urban and rural landscapes, the latter often being in a state of gradual or sudden transition to becoming urban.


  • Giseke, Undine, Kasper, Christoph and Martin-Han, Silvia: Mega-urban open spaces A joint German-Moroccan research project is exploring new forms of urban agriculture which could offer a solution for open space provision in the mega-cities of tomorrow.
  • Capatti, Tancredi: Metrobosco & Co. Urban forests gain increasing importance from the point of view of sustainable urban development. Besides being sustainable they are also ecological, economical and above all media-effective. The Metrobosco project for Milan is exemplary.
  • Wintle, Sarah: Wild Side - Bolivia’s Salar de Uyuni Salt flats, volcanoes and multi-coloured lakes meet tourism and mining in Bolivia’s southwest.
  • Dittmer, Melissa: Detroit: Scale of Crisis = Scale of Intervention The Detroit River International Wildlife Refuge, designed by Hamilton Anderson Associates, is a performative intervention equipped to help people navigate multi-scalar, multi-dimensional urban voids. The project considers the urban void as dynamic, contradictory, and the majority within a post-industrial urban fabric.
  • Hooftman, Eelco: Landscape of Extremes The regional plan by Gross.Max for a 75-kilometre stretch along the coastline of the Dead Sea in Jordan proposes sustainable development to harness the unique natural assets, tackle environmental and social issues and stimulate a sustainable economy. The revealing of elementary natural processes and hidden layers of the landscape has generated a comprehensive set of plans.
  • Lindheim, Tone: Nansen Park, Oslo In 1998, Oslo’s International Airport left the Fornebu Peninsula, and what remained was a depressing wasteland. Today, a new park and development area has been created by Bjørbekk & Lindheim, with visual references to ancient natural forms and the former runways.
  • Strootman, Berno and Zaragoza, Anne: Revealing the Landscape Qualities The strategy by Strootman Landscape Architects for one of the most beautiful areas in the Netherlands, the Drentsche Aa River valley, brings the drama of the existing landscape to life and reveals its historical layers.
  • Corner, James: Shelby Farms Park Parks enhance the competitiveness of cities while making a contribution to sustainable urban development. Unification, amplification, incubation, diversification and loosening are five approaches that help bring about the success of large-scale planning. Shelby Farms Park in Memphis by field operations is exemplary.
  • Fumiaki , Takano: Design by Deletion - The Tockachi Mellennium Forest On Japan’s northern island of Hokkaido, a forest park for the next thousand years is taking shape. Through a steady and diligent process, designers are gradually revealing the wonders of the landscape.
  • Bassett, Shannon: The Wolong Master Plan In the Chinese province of Sichuan, which was devastated by an earthquake in 2008, a new approach to redevelopment is taking shape – one that puts the landscape first.
  • Ipsen, Detlev: The Peasants and the Genesis of Mega-Urban Landscapes The role of urban villages in the development of mega-urbanism in China
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