Group N - Collaborative Climate Adaption Project: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 59: | Line 59: | ||
=== Local Climate === | === Local Climate === | ||
* | *The whole Helsinki area has a semiboreal humid continental climate with both continental and oceanic characters. Although the far northern location might indicate some very low temperatures, because of Baltic Sea and the Gulf Stream, these are pretty high, with the average in January and February around -5 °C. Extreme temperatures – minus 20 °C – occur rather rare, a week or two in year, mostly in the coldest month of the year February, with an average temperature of -6,6 °C. The hottest month is July, with an average temperature of 17,2 °C, when also temperatures over 30 °C might be possible. Because of the offshore wind the real feel is consistently lower than the real temperature, especially in winter. The average temperature around the whole year is 4,8 °C and the yearly amount of precipitation is about 689 mm (the most rainy month is January, about 73 mm and the driest March – 36 mm). The first snow falls in the middle of November, but a persistent layer of snow is only from December until march available. | ||
* | *Because of the geographical position, days last less than six hours around the winter solstice with really low sun rays, and the very cloudy weather at this time of year accentuates the darkness. Conversely, Helsinki enjoys long days in summer, close to nineteen hours around the summer solstice. | ||
*More information to come soon :) | |||
Illustration: Table or time line | Illustration: Table or time line | ||
=== Analysis of vulnerability === | === Analysis of vulnerability === | ||
Revision as of 16:45, 18 December 2012
| Area | Helsinki Metropolitan Area | |
| Place | Helsinki | |
| Country | Finland | |
| Topic | See level rise, GHGs Emissions | |
| Author(s) | Andreia Oshiro, Carolina Esteves, Diana Cota | |
| ||
|
| ||
Rationale: Why have you selected this case study area?
- Today, around 44% of world’s population lives within 150km of shoreline (UN Atlas of the Oceans). There are 3,351 cities in the low elevation coastal zones (UN-Habitat) and they will face strong impacts due to rise see level.
- As Finland is the pioneer in the implementation of adaptation policy (since 2005), we believe that the study of Helsinki and metropolitan area can bring us a valuable examples of measures and strategies for adaptation to Climate Change in coastal areas.
- Finland has already some adaptation actions happening on local level and that gives us a clear picture of how to implement such measures and get communities involved.
Authors' perspectives
- Landscape architects should provide an interdisciplinary approach to protection, conservation and management of urban and rural landscapes, considering environmental, social and economic factors.
- This approach contributes to elaboration of strategies to support sustainable communities and improve our adaptation capacity to Climate Change.
- We believe that local actions in different sectors coordinated by an integrated plan are an important instrument to ensure effective results.
Landscape and/or urban context
- Helsinki – the capital of Finland - is situated at the mouth of the river Vantaa, in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The city is spread across a number of bays and peninsulas and over about 315 islands.
- The metropolitan area involves also the cities, Espoo, Vantaa and Kauniainen, covering around 745 sq. km, with a total population of approximately one million. Only in Helsinki live 602,200 people, making it by far the most populous city in Finland. Therefore it has a density of 2,800 inhabitants per sq.km, which is relatively low in comparison with other European capitals (e.g. London: 5,206/sq.km; Stockholm: 4,600/sq.km; Brussels: 7,025/sq.km).
- Approximately one of four Finns, live in the metropolitan area of Helsinki representing an important center of population, jobs, public and private investment, infrastructure construction, administration and research.
- The public transport system is much spread and consists of trams, commuter rail, the subway, bus lines and two ferry lines. There were only 240,175 cars registered in Helsinki, which means about 403 cars per 1000 inhabitants.
- The symbol animal of the city is the squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) and their symbol plant is the maple (Acer platanoides).
Cultural/social/political context
- Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework
Illustration: Bullet points, image, background notes
Local Climate
- The whole Helsinki area has a semiboreal humid continental climate with both continental and oceanic characters. Although the far northern location might indicate some very low temperatures, because of Baltic Sea and the Gulf Stream, these are pretty high, with the average in January and February around -5 °C. Extreme temperatures – minus 20 °C – occur rather rare, a week or two in year, mostly in the coldest month of the year February, with an average temperature of -6,6 °C. The hottest month is July, with an average temperature of 17,2 °C, when also temperatures over 30 °C might be possible. Because of the offshore wind the real feel is consistently lower than the real temperature, especially in winter. The average temperature around the whole year is 4,8 °C and the yearly amount of precipitation is about 689 mm (the most rainy month is January, about 73 mm and the driest March – 36 mm). The first snow falls in the middle of November, but a persistent layer of snow is only from December until march available.
- Because of the geographical position, days last less than six hours around the winter solstice with really low sun rays, and the very cloudy weather at this time of year accentuates the darkness. Conversely, Helsinki enjoys long days in summer, close to nineteen hours around the summer solstice.
- More information to come soon :)
Illustration: Table or time line
Analysis of vulnerability
- If you consider these potential changes - which aspects/functions of your case study would be affected?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches/photos/background notes
Proposals for Climate Change Adaption
- How could your case study area become more resilient to climate change?
- Which measures would need to be taken to adapt to the new situation?
- How could you assure sustainability of these measures?
- Please describe 2-3 measures
Proposals for Climate Change Mitigation
- Which measures would need to be taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and other drivers of climate change within your case study area?
- How could you assure sustainability of these measures?
- Please describe 2-3 measures
Your scenario
- How will this area look like in 2060?
- Please forecast one potential future development taking climate change into account
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes
What can be generalized from this case study?
- Are there any important theoretical insights?
- Which research questions does it generate?
- Short statement plus background notes
Image Gallery
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
References
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "", add your categories