Group F - Collaborative Climate Adaption Project: Difference between revisions
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The Bangladesh poverty rate has reduced by 1% per year since 1990. Poverty fell from 60% in 1990 to 50% in 2000. Growth in GDP per head has increased from 1% per annum during the 1970s to 3% since the early 1990s. | |||
Life expectancy has increased by more than 15 years over this period. A decline in the total fertility rate reduced population growth to 1.5% a year by the mid-1990s. Furthermore, the Human Poverty Index (HPI), which reflects income poverty, illiteracy and health deprivation, has declined dramatically from 61% in 1981-83 to 36% in 2004. | |||
Since independence in 1971, Bangladesh has experienced different types of government regime. These are: democratic rule (1971-75), military rule and an attempt to return to democracy (1975-81), military rule (1981-1991) and return to multiparty democracy in 1991. In 1991, a major political party was elected through a general election conducted under a care-taker neutral government. But politics in Bangladesh always remain confrontational, one party distrusting and blaming the other when it fails to win election and get power. Elected parliaments have been made ineffective by continuous boycott of parliamentary session by those who are not in power. As a result a “culture of conflict” has developed where the politics of exclusion dominate rather than the politics of inclusion, affecting the total economy and society. Political agitations that take the form of frequent strikes, hartals and blockade cause huge loss to the economy. Recently the magnitude of hartal and blockade has increased significantly. “After a decade of democratic renewal in the 1990s, which succeeded 16 years of cantonment raj, our politics is becoming increasingly dysfunctional. Linguistically, culturally, socially Bangladesh is a homogenous country. People in Bangladesh do not have the freedom to develop themselves according to their choice, and are instead embedded in certain unfreedoms. The removal of substantial unfreedoms is constitutive of development (Sen 2000). There are five different types of rights and opportunities that help to advance the general capability of a person. These are: political freedoms; economic facilities; social opportunities; transparency guarantees and protective security. These are indeed mutually reinforcing and complementary (Sen 2000:10). These unfreedoms are accentuated by the state which fails to play its neutral and benevolent role in providing succour to the people. | |||
Bangladesh’s legal framework for international cooperation in corruption cases consists essentially of the Extradition Act and, to a limited extent, the provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code on evidence commissions. Extradition to and from countries is, however, subject to the existence of a treaty. Until recently, the lack of treaties no doubt presented the greatest obstacle for cooperation. Since the ratification of the UNCAC in 2007, Bangladesh may now seek and provide extradition and MLA to and from States Parties to the Convention. | |||
=== Local Climate === | === Local Climate === | ||
Revision as of 19:56, 4 December 2012
| Area | please enter the area name here | |
| Place | Dhaka | |
| Country | Bangladesh | |
| Topic | please enter the topic here | |
| Author(s) | Please enter your name(s) | |
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Rationale: Why have you selected this case study area?
In Bangladesh, climate change is a matter of life and death. Climate change in Bangladesh is an extremely crucial issue and according to National Geographic, Bangladesh ranks first as the most vulnerable nation to the impacts of climate change in the coming decades. Bangladesh is the most vulnerable nation due to global climate change in the world according to German Watch’s Global Climate Risk Index (CRI) of 2011. Shortage of land to accommodate the people, food security, human health, illiteracy, and so forth. Dhaka is one of the ten mega-cities in the world. Growing at a very fast rate, the population of Dhaka urban area is predicted to increase to about 21 million by 2015 from the current population of 11.3 million. Dhaka’s rapid development, its fast-changing urban landscape and the associated critical environmental challenges call for holistic urban planning, strengthening of institutions responsible for urban development and good governance. Eventually, we decided to explore the most important problems, negative and positive impacts in this country.
Cultural/social/political context
- Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework
Illustration: Bullet points, image, background notes The Bangladesh poverty rate has reduced by 1% per year since 1990. Poverty fell from 60% in 1990 to 50% in 2000. Growth in GDP per head has increased from 1% per annum during the 1970s to 3% since the early 1990s.
Life expectancy has increased by more than 15 years over this period. A decline in the total fertility rate reduced population growth to 1.5% a year by the mid-1990s. Furthermore, the Human Poverty Index (HPI), which reflects income poverty, illiteracy and health deprivation, has declined dramatically from 61% in 1981-83 to 36% in 2004.
Since independence in 1971, Bangladesh has experienced different types of government regime. These are: democratic rule (1971-75), military rule and an attempt to return to democracy (1975-81), military rule (1981-1991) and return to multiparty democracy in 1991. In 1991, a major political party was elected through a general election conducted under a care-taker neutral government. But politics in Bangladesh always remain confrontational, one party distrusting and blaming the other when it fails to win election and get power. Elected parliaments have been made ineffective by continuous boycott of parliamentary session by those who are not in power. As a result a “culture of conflict” has developed where the politics of exclusion dominate rather than the politics of inclusion, affecting the total economy and society. Political agitations that take the form of frequent strikes, hartals and blockade cause huge loss to the economy. Recently the magnitude of hartal and blockade has increased significantly. “After a decade of democratic renewal in the 1990s, which succeeded 16 years of cantonment raj, our politics is becoming increasingly dysfunctional. Linguistically, culturally, socially Bangladesh is a homogenous country. People in Bangladesh do not have the freedom to develop themselves according to their choice, and are instead embedded in certain unfreedoms. The removal of substantial unfreedoms is constitutive of development (Sen 2000). There are five different types of rights and opportunities that help to advance the general capability of a person. These are: political freedoms; economic facilities; social opportunities; transparency guarantees and protective security. These are indeed mutually reinforcing and complementary (Sen 2000:10). These unfreedoms are accentuated by the state which fails to play its neutral and benevolent role in providing succour to the people. Bangladesh’s legal framework for international cooperation in corruption cases consists essentially of the Extradition Act and, to a limited extent, the provisions in the Criminal Procedure Code on evidence commissions. Extradition to and from countries is, however, subject to the existence of a treaty. Until recently, the lack of treaties no doubt presented the greatest obstacle for cooperation. Since the ratification of the UNCAC in 2007, Bangladesh may now seek and provide extradition and MLA to and from States Parties to the Convention.
Local Climate
- What are the climatic conditions at present? Have there been extreme weather events in the near past?
- Which changes are expected? Is there any evidence?
Illustration: Table or time line
Analysis of vulnerability
- If you consider these potential changes - which aspects/functions of your case study would be affected?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches/photos/background notes
Proposals for Climate Change Adaption
- How could your case study area become more resilient to climate change?
- Which measures would need to be taken to adapt to the new situation?
- How could you assure sustainability of these measures?
- Please describe 2-3 measures
Proposals for Climate Change Mitigation
- Which measures would need to be taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and other drivers of climate change within your case study area?
- How could you assure sustainability of these measures?
- Please describe 2-3 measures
Your scenario
- How will this area look like in 2060?
- Please forecast one potential future development taking climate change into account
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes
What can be generalized from this case study?
- Are there any important theoretical insights?
- Which research questions does it generate?
- Short statement plus background notes
Image Gallery
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
- Yourimage.jpg
your image text
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References
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks
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