Villa D'Este - Revision history

Heike.kaiser at 11:07, 15 February 2009

2009-02-15T11:07:18Z

Heike.kaiser: /* Analysis of program/function */

2009-02-15T11:05:48Z

Analysis of program/function

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:05, 15 February 2009
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	Pirro Ligorio took the idea from the original hydraulic map from Tivoli; the installation, based on the knowledge of the roman’s technologies and the treatises of Vitruvio and Frontino, established a masterpiece of the hydraulic engineering, to create watergames and for the water distribution.		Pirro Ligorio took the idea from the original hydraulic map from Tivoli; the installation, based on the knowledge of the roman’s technologies and the treatises of Vitruvio and Frontino, established a masterpiece of the hydraulic engineering, to create watergames and for the water distribution.
	The scheme was projected so that the draining water of one fountain could feed the fountains lower, with a great energy and water saving.		The scheme was projected so that the draining water of one fountain could feed the fountains lower, with a great energy and water saving.

	The first intervention, made in the 1560, took the water from the Rivellese aqueduct, but it hasn’t enough capacity, and in the 1564, another conduct was built by recovering the old trucks of the roman’s channeling system, feeding directly to the Aniene; the water capacity increased at 500 liter at second.		The first intervention, made in the 1560, took the water from the Rivellese aqueduct, but it hasn’t enough capacity, and in the 1564, another conduct was built by recovering the old trucks of the roman’s channeling system, feeding directly to the Aniene; the water capacity increased at 500 liter at second.
	The water gush out into the Villa from the Fonata dell’Ovato, where 2 repartition chambers distribute into the other forks.		The water gush out into the Villa from the Fonata dell’Ovato, where 2 repartition chambers distribute into the other forks.

	Not many interventions had to be made since the original project of Tommaso Ghinucci: the Rivellese aqueduct was substituted by the Acqua Marcia aqueduct, because it has no more water, and the materials were changed.		Not many interventions had to be made since the original project of Tommaso Ghinucci: the Rivellese aqueduct was substituted by the Acqua Marcia aqueduct, because it has no more water, and the materials were changed.

Heike.kaiser: /* Analysis of program/function */

2009-02-15T11:05:19Z

Analysis of program/function

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	* What are the main functional characteristics?		* What are the main functional characteristics?

	* How have they been expressed or incorporated?		* How have they been expressed or incorporated?

	Villa d’Este is composed by 51 fountains, 398 spurts, 364 gushes, 64 waterfall, 220 basins, 875 linear meter of water chain……..		Villa d’Este is composed by 51 fountains, 398 spurts, 364 gushes, 64 waterfall, 220 basins, 875 linear meter of water chain……..
	The garden is constituted by a complicated tubing net that composed a very complex hydraulic machine moved by the force of gravity!		The garden is constituted by a complicated tubing net that composed a very complex hydraulic machine moved by the force of gravity!

	Pirro Ligorio took the idea from the original hydraulic map from Tivoli; the installation, based on the knowledge of the roman’s technologies and the treatises of Vitruvio and Frontino, established a masterpiece of the hydraulic engineering, to create watergames and for the water distribution.		Pirro Ligorio took the idea from the original hydraulic map from Tivoli; the installation, based on the knowledge of the roman’s technologies and the treatises of Vitruvio and Frontino, established a masterpiece of the hydraulic engineering, to create watergames and for the water distribution.
	The scheme was projected so that the draining water of one fountain could feed the fountains lower, with a great energy and water saving.		The scheme was projected so that the draining water of one fountain could feed the fountains lower, with a great energy and water saving.

Heike.kaiser: /* Analysis of program/function */

2009-02-15T11:04:43Z

Analysis of program/function

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:04, 15 February 2009
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	=== Analysis of program/function ===		=== Analysis of program/function ===
			[[Image:imm4.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]

	* What are the main functional characteristics?		* What are the main functional characteristics?
	* How have they been expressed or incorporated?		* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
	~~[[Image:imm4.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]~~
	Villa d’Este is composed by 51 fountains, 398 spurts, 364 gushes, 64 waterfall, 220 basins, 875 linear meter of water chain……..		Villa d’Este is composed by 51 fountains, 398 spurts, 364 gushes, 64 waterfall, 220 basins, 875 linear meter of water chain……..
	The garden is constituted by a complicated tubing net that composed a very complex hydraulic machine moved by the force of gravity!		The garden is constituted by a complicated tubing net that composed a very complex hydraulic machine moved by the force of gravity!

Heike.kaiser: /* Analysis of program/function */

2009-02-15T11:04:20Z

Analysis of program/function

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:04, 15 February 2009
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	* What are the main functional characteristics?		* What are the main functional characteristics?
	* How have they been expressed or incorporated?		* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
	[[Image:imm4.jpg]]		[[Image:imm4.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]
	Villa d’Este is composed by 51 fountains, 398 spurts, 364 gushes, 64 waterfall, 220 basins, 875 linear meter of water chain……..		Villa d’Este is composed by 51 fountains, 398 spurts, 364 gushes, 64 waterfall, 220 basins, 875 linear meter of water chain……..
	The garden is constituted by a complicated tubing net that composed a very complex hydraulic machine moved by the force of gravity!		The garden is constituted by a complicated tubing net that composed a very complex hydraulic machine moved by the force of gravity!

Heike.kaiser: /* How are the heritage sites linked to the adjacent urban landscape? */

2009-02-15T11:03:44Z

How are the heritage sites linked to the adjacent urban landscape?

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:03, 15 February 2009
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	There is a network of tight streets on the old centre which makes difficult to identify the presence of Villa d’este, also because the entrance is trough the Palace.		There is a network of tight streets on the old centre which makes difficult to identify the presence of Villa d’este, also because the entrance is trough the Palace.
	Tivoli developed on the west slope from the Tiburtini mountains that consent a wonderful panorama from Rome and the adjacent landscape.		Tivoli developed on the west slope from the Tiburtini mountains that consent a wonderful panorama from Rome and the adjacent landscape.
	[[Image:entratavista.jpg\|thumb\|~~none~~\|entry]]		[[Image:entratavista.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px\|entry]]

	==== How are the heritage sites used? ====		==== How are the heritage sites used? ====

Heike.kaiser at 11:03, 15 February 2009

2009-02-15T11:03:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:03, 15 February 2009
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	It was one of the most important and branding intervention, maybe the first since the ancient cultures.		It was one of the most important and branding intervention, maybe the first since the ancient cultures.



	=== Cultural/social/political context===		=== Cultural/social/political context===

Heike.kaiser: /* Landscape and/or urban context */

2009-02-15T11:02:48Z

Landscape and/or urban context

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:02, 15 February 2009
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	=== Landscape and/or urban context===		=== Landscape and/or urban context===
	[[Image:imm2.jpg]]		[[Image:imm2.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]
	The Villa d’Este is situated in the historical centre of Tivoli on the west slope from the Tiburtini mountains, along the Aniene river.		The Villa d’Este is situated in the historical centre of Tivoli on the west slope from the Tiburtini mountains, along the Aniene river.
	The landscape and the lands resources made Tivoli one of the most important strategic place.		The landscape and the lands resources made Tivoli one of the most important strategic place.

Heike.kaiser: /* Author's perspective */

2009-02-15T11:02:18Z

Author's perspective

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:02, 15 February 2009
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	To understand the present and what in the future could happen, we have to understand the past with the success and the failures.		To understand the present and what in the future could happen, we have to understand the past with the success and the failures.

	I think that the Parks and Gardens should express our self, our dreams.		I think that the Parks and Gardens should express our self, our dreams.

	We have to feel free…		We have to feel free…

Heike.kaiser at 11:01, 15 February 2009

2009-02-15T11:01:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:01, 15 February 2009
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	The Landscape was completely modified with the terracing of the slop.		The Landscape was completely modified with the terracing of the slop.



	=== Author's perspective ===		=== Author's perspective ===

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:07, 15 February 2009
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	==== How are the heritage sites linked to the adjacent urban landscape? ====		==== How are the heritage sites linked to the adjacent urban landscape? ====

	Villa d’Este is situated in the centre of Tivoli that is a little city about 20km away from Rome. The old centre of Tivoli is located on the north, that’s because the Aniene river surround Tivoli on the north and on the east.		Villa d’Este is situated in the centre of Tivoli that is a little city about 20km away from Rome. The old centre of Tivoli is located on the north, that’s because the Aniene river surround Tivoli on the north and on the east.
	The connection from Rome to Tivoli is good, that’s because there are other important historic place near Tivoli, like Villa Adriana; you can go by car, by bus or by train. The only problem is that there is a lot of traffic during the day.		The connection from Rome to Tivoli is good, that’s because there are other important historic place near Tivoli, like Villa Adriana; you can go by car, by bus or by train. The only problem is that there is a lot of traffic during the day.
	There is a network of tight streets on the old centre which makes difficult to identify the presence of Villa d’este, also because the entrance is trough the Palace.		There is a network of tight streets on the old centre which makes difficult to identify the presence of Villa d’este, also because the entrance is trough the Palace.
	Tivoli developed on the west slope from the Tiburtini mountains that consent a wonderful panorama from Rome and the adjacent landscape.		Tivoli developed on the west slope from the Tiburtini mountains that consent a wonderful panorama from Rome and the adjacent landscape.

	[[Image:entratavista.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px\|entry]]		[[Image:entratavista.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px\|entry]]

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	=== Analysis of program/function ===		=== Analysis of program/function ===

	[[Image:imm4.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]		[[Image:imm4.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]

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	Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes		Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes



	=== Analysis of design/planning process ===		=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
	[[Image:imm5.jpg]]
			[[Image:imm5.jpg\|thumb\|left\|300px]]

	Pirro Ligorio was the first who thought to realize a “fountain garden” in Tivoli; he looked for the place in the Valle Gaudente descending towards Porta Romana. The rocky and impervious lands could make hard the works, but the great height differences, about 45m, makes this place appropriate. Another important factor, was that they could gather the water from the Aniene.		Pirro Ligorio was the first who thought to realize a “fountain garden” in Tivoli; he looked for the place in the Valle Gaudente descending towards Porta Romana. The rocky and impervious lands could make hard the works, but the great height differences, about 45m, makes this place appropriate. Another important factor, was that they could gather the water from the Aniene.

	For about 15 years, Ippolito bought the properties needed and began by upsetting the medieval structure of the Campitelli quarter; the urban connections were destructed and makes hard to move over trough the city; above all that, many citizens were deprived from its own house.		For about 15 years, Ippolito bought the properties needed and began by upsetting the medieval structure of the Campitelli quarter; the urban connections were destructed and makes hard to move over trough the city; above all that, many citizens were deprived from its own house.
	When all the needed demolitions were completed, the land leveling out phases began; great rocks excavations put in test the human genius and ingenuity. The masses were used to enlarge the terracing to the right side of the future garden and to fill up the depressions downwards, towards Porta Romana.		When all the needed demolitions were completed, the land leveling out phases began; great rocks excavations put in test the human genius and ingenuity. The masses were used to enlarge the terracing to the right side of the future garden and to fill up the depressions downwards, towards Porta Romana.
	At the same time they had to provide to contain the slope by creating row of pillars connected to arches or to barrel vault, exploited to realize grottos, nymphaeum and niches.		At the same time they had to provide to contain the slope by creating row of pillars connected to arches or to barrel vault, exploited to realize grottos, nymphaeum and niches.

	The layout of the garden was made on a grail of orthogonal tracks of about 30m that divided the surface into regular unities, like the renaissance configuration. The symmetrically arranged spaces, followed the imaginary longitudinal axis, who represented the visual line of the plant. Transversally, 5 principal axis were the modulator elements of the architectural composition.		The layout of the garden was made on a grail of orthogonal tracks of about 30m that divided the surface into regular unities, like the renaissance configuration. The symmetrically arranged spaces, followed the imaginary longitudinal axis, who represented the visual line of the plant. Transversally, 5 principal axis were the modulator elements of the architectural composition.
	The creation of the Villa was leaded with a versed iconological program made by Pirro Ligorio, with the goal to ennoble the cardinal and to charge his work with elevated meanings.		The creation of the Villa was leaded with a versed iconological program made by Pirro Ligorio, with the goal to ennoble the cardinal and to charge his work with elevated meanings.

	After 1569 Ippolito slowed up the works because of the elevated costs (of about 2 million scuds), and used the Villa for meditation and cultural meeting, as a “temple of knowledge”, unitl his dead in 1572.		After 1569 Ippolito slowed up the works because of the elevated costs (of about 2 million scuds), and used the Villa for meditation and cultural meeting, as a “temple of knowledge”, unitl his dead in 1572.
	Ippolisto d’este hasn’t enough time to complete his work; many fountains weren’t completed, and many other weren’t started.		Ippolisto d’este hasn’t enough time to complete his work; many fountains weren’t completed, and many other weren’t started.
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	Francesco realized many restoring works from 1629 to 1641 with the architect Francesco Peperelli and transformed the vegetation arrangement;		Francesco realized many restoring works from 1629 to 1641 with the architect Francesco Peperelli and transformed the vegetation arrangement;
	Cardinal Rinaldo I, in the years 1660-1661, commissioned 2 fountains to Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and in the 1670, he began more interventions with Mattia Rossi and Bernini.		Cardinal Rinaldo I, in the years 1660-1661, commissioned 2 fountains to Gian Lorenzo Bernini, and in the 1670, he began more interventions with Mattia Rossi and Bernini.

	In the XVIII century the property passed to the House of Hapsburg; the Villa and the garden began his decay, the garden was slowly abandoned, the water works fell into ruin, and the collection of ancient statues, was disassembled and scattered.		In the XVIII century the property passed to the House of Hapsburg; the Villa and the garden began his decay, the garden was slowly abandoned, the water works fell into ruin, and the collection of ancient statues, was disassembled and scattered.
	Gustav von Hohelohe obtained the property of the villa from the Dukes of Modena in 1851, launched a series of works to pull the complex back from its state of ruin. Between 1867 and 1882 the Villa once again became a cultural point of reference, with the Cardinal frequently hosting the musician Franz Liszt (1811 - 1886), who composed Giochi d'acqua a Villa d'Este for piano while he was a guest there.		Gustav von Hohelohe obtained the property of the villa from the Dukes of Modena in 1851, launched a series of works to pull the complex back from its state of ruin. Between 1867 and 1882 the Villa once again became a cultural point of reference, with the Cardinal frequently hosting the musician Franz Liszt (1811 - 1886), who composed Giochi d'acqua a Villa d'Este for piano while he was a guest there.