Group M - Collaborative Climate Adaption Project - Revision history

Janice Thien: /* What can be generalized from this case study? */

2013-01-14T18:00:33Z

What can be generalized from this case study?

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	-Are there any important theoretical insights?		-Are there any important theoretical insights?

	* Social and economic ~~disadvantage~~ such as lack of infrastructure, health services and employment opportunities ~~reduces~~ capacity of the community to adapt to climate change, making their lives and culture more vulnerable.		* Social and economic disadvantages such as lack of infrastructure, health services and employment opportunities reduce capacity of the community to adapt to climate change, making their lives and culture more vulnerable.

	* Climate change can be a direct threat to the rights of communities, such as the rights of food, health, culture, and healthy environment.		* Climate change can be a direct threat to the rights of communities, such as the rights of food, health, culture, and healthy environment.

Janice Thien: /* Your scenario */

2013-01-14T18:00:03Z

Your scenario

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	*Community members are able to facilitate disaster management planning and incorporate these into long term climate change and sea level rise plans.		*Community members are able to facilitate disaster management planning and incorporate these into long term climate change and sea level rise plans.


	~~Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes~~

	=== What can be generalized from this case study? ===		=== What can be generalized from this case study? ===

Janice Thien: /* Presentation Slides */

2013-01-14T17:59:41Z

Presentation Slides

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	Image:Mslide1.jpg\|Slide One		Image:Mslide1.jpg\|Slide One
	Image:Mslide2.jpg\|Slide Two		Image:Mslide2.jpg\|Slide Two
	Image:~~Group M 3of3 copy~~.jpg\|Slide Three		Image:Mslide3.jpg\|Slide Three
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Janice Thien: /* Presentation Slides */

2013-01-14T17:56:14Z

Presentation Slides

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	<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">		<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
	Image:Mslide1.jpg\|Slide One		Image:Mslide1.jpg\|Slide One
	Image:~~Group M 2of 3 copy~~.jpg\|Slide Two		Image:Mslide2.jpg\|Slide Two
	Image:Group M 3of3 copy.jpg\|Slide Three		Image:Group M 3of3 copy.jpg\|Slide Three
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Janice Thien: /* Presentation Slides */

2013-01-14T17:52:38Z

Presentation Slides

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	<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">		<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
	Image:~~M slide 1~~.jpg\|Slide One		Image:Mslide1.jpg\|Slide One
	Image:Group M 2of 3 copy.jpg\|Slide Two		Image:Group M 2of 3 copy.jpg\|Slide Two
	Image:Group M 3of3 copy.jpg\|Slide Three		Image:Group M 3of3 copy.jpg\|Slide Three

Janice Thien: /* Presentation Slides */

2013-01-14T17:50:34Z

Presentation Slides

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	<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">		<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
	Image:~~Group~~ M ~~1of3 copy~~.jpg\|Slide One		Image:M slide 1.jpg\|Slide One
	Image:Group M 2of 3 copy.jpg\|Slide Two		Image:Group M 2of 3 copy.jpg\|Slide Two
	Image:Group M 3of3 copy.jpg\|Slide Three		Image:Group M 3of3 copy.jpg\|Slide Three

Janice Thien: /* Rationale: Why have you selected this case study area? */

2013-01-14T17:42:01Z

Rationale: Why have you selected this case study area?

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	We have selected this area out of our concern for those who will feel the affects of climate change first, and are representative of those who may endure the most significant impacts of climate change and sea level rise. For our project focus, we have selected an island known as ''Iama'' or ''Yam island''. It is a part of the Torres Strait, an archipelago of islands between the Northern tip of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Politically, the islands are a part of Australia, however they are culturally distinct being a traditional Pacific Islander culture, with strong links to the traditional cultures of northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. The islanders have a specific vulnerability to climate change being a strongly sea based culture and living very much between the sea and the land. Subtle changes in sea levels and oceanic conditions (such as acidification) will have large and far reaching impacts into the islanders life, cultural orientation and livelihoods that will only become more pronounced as these changes become more drastic. Climate change may also bring more severe storm conditions via larger cyclonic tropical depressions. The communities of the Torres Strait, as indigenous people of these islands, face a host of issues concerning sovereignty and ownership rights of land due to Australian Government Policy. In addition Torres Strait Community members are significantly affected by conditions of Diabeties and Heart Disease attributed to the uptake of Western dietary choices over Traditional foods. We are particularly interested in this area as a program of adaption to climate change could have a "No Regrets" approach of also improving the preexisting health and land rights policy conditions faced by islanders. There has been some significant research into the impacts of climate change on the Torres Strait, including our project focus area of Iama Island. This research is ongoing however much of the work is predominantly taken from the perspective of setting minimum building floor levels and providing engineered infrastructure such as Sea Walls. Whilst these are significant foundations, we believe an approach from Landscape Architecture that considers settlement patterns, cultural and physical wellbeing will provide a more thorough approach towards a continuing, resilient Torres Strait Island Culture.		We have selected this area out of our concern for those who will feel the affects of climate change first, and are representative of those who may endure the most significant impacts of climate change and sea level rise. For our project focus, we have selected an island known as ''Iama'' or ''Yam island''. It is a part of the Torres Strait, an archipelago of islands between the Northern tip of Australia and Papua New Guinea. Politically, the islands are a part of Australia, however they are culturally distinct being a traditional Pacific Islander culture, with strong links to the traditional cultures of northern Australia and Papua New Guinea. The islanders have a specific vulnerability to climate change being a strongly sea based culture and living very much between the sea and the land. Subtle changes in sea levels and oceanic conditions (such as acidification) will have large and far reaching impacts into the islanders life, cultural orientation and livelihoods that will only become more pronounced as these changes become more drastic. Climate change may also bring more severe storm conditions via larger cyclonic tropical depressions. The communities of the Torres Strait, as indigenous people of these islands, face a host of issues concerning sovereignty and ownership rights of land due to Australian Government Policy. In addition Torres Strait Community members are significantly affected by conditions of Diabeties and Heart Disease attributed to the uptake of Western dietary choices over Traditional foods. We are particularly interested in this area as a program of adaption to climate change could have a "No Regrets" approach of also improving the preexisting health and land rights policy conditions faced by islanders. There has been some significant research into the impacts of climate change on the Torres Strait, including our project focus area of Iama Island. This research is ongoing however much of the work is predominantly taken from the perspective of setting minimum building floor levels and providing engineered infrastructure such as Sea Walls. Whilst these are significant foundations, we believe an approach from Landscape Architecture that considers settlement patterns, cultural and physical wellbeing will provide a more thorough approach towards a continuing, resilient Torres Strait Island Culture.
	Members of our group have had experience in strategising for ~~Sea~~ level rise and local experience of working in the Torres Strait.		Members of our group have had experience in strategising for sea level rise and local experience of working in the Torres Strait.

	=== Authors' perspectives ===		=== Authors' perspectives ===

Janice Thien: /* Proposals for Climate Change Adaption */

2013-01-14T17:35:30Z

Proposals for Climate Change Adaption

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	<gallery caption=" " widths="600px" heights="600px" perrow="5">		<gallery caption=" " widths="600px" heights="600px" perrow="5">
	Image:foodmap.jpg\|		Image:foodmap.jpg\| Reconstructed diagram (''by Janice Thien'') based on urban food system by Bohn&Viljoen Architects (2002) found at The Edible City: Envisioning the Continuous Productive Urban Landscape (CPUL)[[http://www.field-journal.org/uploads/file/2011%20Volume%204/10%20The%20Edible%20City%20Katrin%20Bohn%20and%20Andre%20Viljoen.pdf]
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Janice Thien: /* Case study site: Iama Island */

2013-01-14T17:31:38Z

Case study site: Iama Island

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	<gallery caption=" " widths="500px" heights="500px" perrow="5">		<gallery caption=" " widths="500px" heights="500px" perrow="5">
	Image:Iama map.jpg\|		Image:Iama map.jpg\| Reconstructed map (''by Janice Thien'') based on information at Iama Sustainable Land Use [http://www.tsra.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/2026/08-iama-slup.pdf]
	</gallery>		</gallery>

Janice Thien: /* Proposals for Climate Change Adaption */

2013-01-14T17:28:44Z

Proposals for Climate Change Adaption

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	*New collective housing community that is set with floor levels higher than prediced levels of inundation. Where inundation is unavoidable, housing is either removed or usage and design modified to cope with inundation.		*New collective housing community that is set with floor levels higher than prediced levels of inundation. Where inundation is unavoidable, housing is either removed or usage and design modified to cope with inundation.

	*Restoration of sea shore habitats around coastal areas including mangrove, saltmarsh and dune systems for mitigation of sea rise impacts is given priority. Seawalls and bunds may be repaired or improved where they are effective, however these infrastructures tend to shift erosion to other areas, and worse, create a false sense of security for constructions behind the sea wall thus increasing vulnerability. Offshore protection could include establishment of artificial reefs for the establishment of enhanced local fisheries. In addition reefs modify the velocity of storm surges and the force induced destructive potential. Structures are modified to cope more efficiently with water inundation where this may occur.		*Restoration of sea shore habitats around coastal areas including mangrove, saltmarsh and dune systems for mitigation of sea rise impacts is given priority. Seawalls and bunds may be repaired or improved where they are effective, however these infrastructures tend to shift erosion to other areas, and worse, create a false sense of security for constructions behind the sea wall thus increasing vulnerability. Offshore protection could include establishment of artificial reefs for the establishment of enhanced local fisheries. In addition, reefs modify the velocity of storm surges and the force induced destructive potential. Structures are modified to cope more efficiently with water inundation where this may occur.

	*Examine alternative means of power and energy creation based on wind energy, tidal or wave energy, solar or solar thermal. Investigate existing examples of these technologies: particularly tidal energy given the extremes of ~~Tides~~ in the Torres Strait and the traditional cultural paradigms of harnessing the seas 'power' ~~this~~ strategy will both reduce the economic burden of escalating energy costs, and simultaneously reduce carbon emissions		*Examine alternative means of power and energy creation based on wind energy, tidal or wave energy, solar or solar thermal. Investigate existing examples of these technologies: particularly tidal energy given the extremes of tides in the Torres Strait and the traditional cultural paradigms of harnessing the seas 'power'. This strategy will both reduce the economic burden of escalating energy costs, and simultaneously reduce carbon emissions

	*Introducing Reef Ball, a marine breakthrough:		*Introducing Reef Ball, a marine breakthrough:
	Reefballs are designed to create sealife habitat, prevent erosive forces of waves and protect onshore assets from coastal erosion. They worked very well when used in a high number of modules. They would be well suited to Iama island for assisting in the protection of ~~Island~~ resources. These designed artificial reef modules are able to last against sea forces and do not erode/breakdown easily. The biggest expense is getting the reefs into the sea. It Is worth investigating the a possibility of engineering ~~reef balls~~ on Iama Island to reduce the cost of transport. This would involve the transport of raw materials- concrete and moulds however this could be cheaper in the ~~longterm~~ than purchasing them off shore. This could become a marine reserve at a bigger scale, and possibly a sustainable tourism industry.		Reefballs are designed to create sealife habitat, prevent erosive forces of waves and protect onshore assets from coastal erosion. They worked very well when used in a high number of modules. They would be well suited to Iama island for assisting in the protection of island resources. These designed artificial reef modules are able to last against sea forces and do not erode/breakdown easily. The biggest expense is getting the reefs into the sea. It Is worth investigating the possibility of engineering reefballs on Iama Island to reduce the cost of transport. This would involve the transport of raw materials- concrete and moulds, however this could be cheaper in the long term than purchasing them off shore. This could become a marine reserve at a bigger scale, and possibly a sustainable tourism industry.

	Image of reefball can be viewed here [http://www.google.com.my/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1366&bih=705&tbm=isch&tbnid=m9UTuFPF_nMk2M:&imgrefurl=http://www.reefball.org/brochure.htm&docid=FsT0n2ar5yli2M&imgurl=http://www.reefball.org/newfrontpage/smallsizes.jpg&w=480&h=372&ei=qNTzUIaNIMO1kgWvroGYBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=4&vpy=381&dur=583&hovh=198&hovw=255&tx=140&ty=124&sig=115660871284287683847&page=1&tbnh=141&tbnw=190&start=0&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:21,s:0,i:150]		Image of reefball can be viewed here [http://www.google.com.my/imgres?um=1&hl=en&sa=N&tbo=d&biw=1366&bih=705&tbm=isch&tbnid=m9UTuFPF_nMk2M:&imgrefurl=http://www.reefball.org/brochure.htm&docid=FsT0n2ar5yli2M&imgurl=http://www.reefball.org/newfrontpage/smallsizes.jpg&w=480&h=372&ei=qNTzUIaNIMO1kgWvroGYBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=4&vpy=381&dur=583&hovh=198&hovw=255&tx=140&ty=124&sig=115660871284287683847&page=1&tbnh=141&tbnw=190&start=0&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:21,s:0,i:150]
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	*Revival of traditional management practice of natural resources should be encouraged to ensure food affordability and security.		*Revival of traditional management practice of natural resources should be encouraged to ensure food affordability and security.
	Two types of productive landscapes can be established. First is communal food garden in easy reach of the houses for community food growing, to experiment with new ideas and for education opportunities.		Two types of productive landscapes can be established. First is communal food garden in easy reach of the houses for community food growing, to experiment with new ideas and for education opportunities.
	Second type is bush garden, ~~cultivated~~ produce staple food at bigger scale further from home and can be done on steeper land.		Second type is bush garden, cultivate/produce staple food at bigger scale further from home and can be done on steeper land.
	The gardens are to be built with natural resources and bush materials including native bamboo, and use of natural fertilisers from fish waste and chicken manure. This project can enhance sense of community living, encourage exchange of food, seeds, and materials. In addition it could have a huge impact on the pressing need of reducing waste through reducing the reliance on packaged foods, and recycling generated food wastes.		The gardens are to be built with natural resources and bush materials including native bamboo, and use of natural fertilisers from fish waste and chicken manure. This project can enhance sense of community living, encourage exchange of food, seeds, and materials. In addition it could have a huge impact on the pressing need of reducing waste through reducing the reliance on packaged foods, and recycling generated food wastes.

	*Chicken pens within the village and forest style ~~Chicken~~ forage runs can be built to have meat and eggs in production within the natural environment within close proximity to the village.		*Chicken pens within the village and forest style: chicken forage runs can be built to have meat and eggs in production within the natural environment within close proximity to the village.

	<gallery caption=" " widths="500px" heights="500px" perrow="5">		<gallery caption=" " widths="500px" heights="500px" perrow="5">
	Image:iama section.jpg\| Section showing community ~~utilizing~~ spaces between dwellings for food growing.(''by Janice Thien'')		Image:iama section.jpg\| Section showing community utilising spaces between dwellings for food growing.(''by Janice Thien'')
	</gallery>		</gallery>