Wikienfk5 - User contributions [en]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:31:20Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: Wei Wang */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Wei Wang ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Chruch_with_Green.JPG|church with green
Image:Building_in_green.JPG|building in green
Image:Green_space.JPG|green space
</gallery>

'''Endless green spaces in nature'''

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:25:57Z

WeiWang: /* Images */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Wei Wang ==

=== Images ===
[[Image:Green space.jpg]]
[[Image:Building in green.jpg]]
[[Image:Chruch with Green.jpg]]

'''Endless green spaces in nature'''

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:23:16Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: Wei Wang */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Wei Wang ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image: Green space.jpg|Green park
Image: Building in green.jpg|Building in green
Image: Chruch with Green.jpg|Chruch with green
</gallery>

'''Endless green spaces in nature'''

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:22:39Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: Wei Wang */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Wei Wang ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Green space.jpg|Green park
Image:Building in green.jpg|Building in green
Image:Chruch with Green.jpg|Chruch with green
</gallery>

'''Endless green spaces in nature'''

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:20:19Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: wei wang */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Wei Wang ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 Green space.jpg|Green park
Image:2 Building in green.jpg|Building in green
Image:3 Chruch with Green.jpg|Chruch with green
</gallery>

'''Endless green spaces in nature'''

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:18:42Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: Please add your name here */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Please add your name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 Green space.jpg|Green park
Image:2 Building in green.jpg|Building in green
Image:3 Chruch with Green.jpg|Chruch with green
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''Endless green spaces in nature'''

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:17:32Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: Please add your name here */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Please add your name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 Green_space.jpg|Green park
Image:2 Building_in_green.jpg|Building in green
Image:3 Chruch_with_Green.jpg|Chruch with green
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Endless green spaces in nature

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

File:Chruch with Green.JPG

2011-02-03T19:17:13Z

WeiWang:

File:Building in green.JPG

2011-02-03T19:16:04Z

WeiWang:

File:Green space.JPG

2011-02-03T19:13:39Z

WeiWang:

File:Fulda.JPG

2011-02-03T19:12:32Z

WeiWang:

File:Fluda.JPG

2011-02-03T19:10:05Z

WeiWang:

Pictures of our Landscapes Kassel Group

2011-02-03T19:05:30Z

WeiWang: /* Author 2: Please add your name here */

---> Back to [[Assignment_1:_Pictures_of_our_landscapes|overview of groups]]

== '''Author 1: Zhang Kun''' ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 the life of plant.jpg|The Life of Plant
Image:2 Notice board.jpg|Notice board
Image:3 stone and tree.jpg|stone and tree
</gallery>

=== Description ===

'''The life of plant'''

These are three plants attached to the building wall in Kassel University, which are in three different positions in the University of Kassel. The three different life stages of plants or the whole life-circle of the plant show a changing landscape over time.

Even when the plants die, the body is still been protected as a valuable landscape. Just like autumn leaves and dead trees in the winter are still appreciated by people. The landscapes (plants or the same with other forms of landscape), which can refly the inherent nature are the cherished landscape.

Background

In the program of Kassel University Campus Nord – Extension, the supporting walls of the terrasses towards the park are implemented by gardening. The most prominent existing trees are integrated into the design concept.So we can still see the old trees and new trees in the same time.
http://www.raumzeit.org/NewFiles/kassel_01.html

'''Notice board'''

This is a non-physical landscape in Kassel University. Precisely for the cultural information carried by the non-physical landscape make the surrounding physical landscape into a vibrant landscape. Landscape is a term which produced by the human beings, only the landsape meet the need (cultual \physical\...)of the human beings can be full of energy, and can be a landscape.

And you also can see the material and style of the building; it just made us to associate a factory. Actually, the former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University. Different metarial and style make different landscape.And you also can see some historical and cutual information from that landscape.

Background

The former Gottschalk factory grounds are acquired as the campus in the history of Kassel University.
http://cms.uni-kassel.de/unicms/index.php?id=4917 (1974)

'''Stone and tree'''

The combination of trees and rocks can be seen everywhere in the natural landscape. In the artificial landscape, extract the elements and the relationship between rocks and trees, and widely applied, which forming a landscape memory or symbol.

Prof.Stephen Kaplan in Michigan University surveys the landscape preferences of 30 people, which used the selected scenes in Australia, Canada, South Korea and Egypt. Everyone chose the natural landscape rather than the artificial landscape.Our most ancient instinct still influences our choice of the landscape. Just like Lawrence Halprin and other famous designers, most of the works are inspired by the nature.the nature is an important source of landscape.

Background

The first tree to be planted was placed in front of the Museum Fridericianum, here seen at night7000 Oaks - City Forestation instead of City Administration (German: 7000 Eichen - Stadtverwaldung statt Stadtverwaltung) is a work of land art by the German artist Joseph Beuys. It was first publicly presented in 1982 at the documenta 7. With the help of volunteers Beuys planted 7000 oak trees over several years in the city of Kassel, each with an accompanying basalt stone.

In regard to the extensive urbanization of the setting the work was an extensive artistic and ecological intervention with the goal of enduringly altering the living space of the city. The project, though at first controversial, has become an important part of the cityscape of Kassel.After five years the project ended in 1987 on the occasion of documenta 8. It is still alive.
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Beuys
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7000_Oaks

== Author 2: Please add your name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:1 Fluda.jpg|Fluda near by green
Image:2 Green space.jpg|Green park
Image:3 Building in green.jpg|Building in green
Image:4 Chruch with Green.jpg|Chruch with green
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Endless green spaces in nature

Kassel is regarded as a green city in the center of Germany. Located smack bang in the middle of Germany, Kassel is a city with 200,000 inhabitants situated in the north of Hessen. The city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War, so you will struggle to find many historic buildings However, Kassel more than makes up for it with its numerous public parks and woods which make it one of the greenest cities in Germany.
Nearly two thirds of Kassel consist of green open spaces in the form of park areas, tree-lined streets and woodlands. For those wishing relaxation, the city offers many green spaces and opportunities for recreation in nearby areas. Enjoy the magnificent view over Kassel and the surrounding region when visiting the Hercules monument. Kassel's city landmark is in the midst of Europe's largest hillside park, the Bergpark.

http://deutsche-maerchenstrasse.com/en/members/kassel.html
http://www.study-in.de/en/leben/staedte-info--12072

== Author 3: Please add you name here ==

=== Images ===
<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:image_01.jpg|image title
Image:image_02.jpg|image title
Image:image_03.jpg|image title
</gallery>

=== Description ===

Please edit your text here...

[[Category:Pictures of our Landscapes]]

China

2010-12-13T23:24:11Z

WeiWang: /* Landscape Concept 1 */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

Part1 by: ''Zhang,Kun''

Part2 by: ''Wei Wang''

'''Part1'''
=== Original ===

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

'''Part2'''

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.

We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Landscape chinese.jpg|The meaning of landscape in Chinese character
</gallery>

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

China

2010-12-13T23:21:33Z

WeiWang: /* Landscape Concept 1 */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

Part1 by: ''Zhang,Kun''

Part2 by: ''Wei Wang''

'''Part1'''
=== Original ===

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

'''Part2'''

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.

We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Landscape chinese.jpg
</gallery>

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

China

2010-12-13T23:18:17Z

WeiWang: /* Landscape Concept 1 */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

Part1 by: ''Zhang,Kun''

Part2 by: ''Wei Wang''

'''Part1'''
=== Original ===

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

'''Part2'''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Landscape chinese.jpg
</gallery>

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.

We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

China

2010-12-13T23:17:21Z

WeiWang: /* Landscape Concept 1 */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

Part1 by: ''Zhang,Kun''
Part2 by: ''Wei Wang''

'''Part1'''
=== Original ===

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

'''Part2'''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Landscape chinese.jpg
</gallery>

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.

We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

China

2010-12-13T23:13:35Z

WeiWang: /* Landscape Concept 1 */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

=== Original ===

by: ''Zhang,Kun''

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

'''by Wei Wang'''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Landscape chinese.jpg
</gallery>

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.

We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

China

2010-12-13T23:10:58Z

WeiWang: /* English translation */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

by: ''Zhang,Kun''

=== Original ===

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

by Wei Wang

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Landscape chinese.jpg
</gallery>

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.
We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

File:Landscape chinese.jpg

2010-12-13T23:05:35Z

WeiWang:

File:Landscape.jpg

2010-12-13T23:05:33Z

WeiWang: uploaded a new version of "Image:Landscape.jpg"

China

2010-12-13T22:59:45Z

WeiWang: /* Landscape Concept 1 */

'''[http://draco.hfwu.de/~wikienfk5/index.php/Assignment_4:_Landscape_Concepts_in_comparison#Landscape_Concepts_by_country Back to Assignment 4: Landscape Concepts by country]'''

== Landscape Concept 1 ==

by: ''Zhang,Kun''

=== Original ===

''
'''中国传统园林的含义'''

在一定的地域运用工程技术和艺术手段，通过改造地形（或进一步筑山、叠石、理水）、种植树木花草、营造建筑和布置园路等途径创作而成的美的自然环境和游憩境域，就称为园林。

'''引自：中国大百科全书（建筑园林城市规划卷）'''

'''景观的含义'''

景观有四个层面的含义：

（1）景观作为视觉审美的对象：外在人眼中的景象；

（2）景观作为生活其中的栖息地：内在人的生活体验；

（3）景观作为系统：科学、客观地解读；

第一是景观与外部系统的关系。

第二是景观内部各元素之间的生态关系，即水平生态过程。

第三种生态关系，是景观元素内部的结构与功能的关系。

第四种生态关系则存在于生命与环境之间。

第五种生态关系则存在于人类与其环境之间的物质、营养及能量的关系。

（4）景观作为符号。景观作为符号的含义：人类理想与历史的书。

景观是审美的、景观是体验的、景观是科学的、景观是有含义的。

景观是自然及人类社会过程在土地上的烙印，是人与自然、人与人的关系以及人类理想与追求在大地上的投影。

'''参考文献'''

'''俞孔坚.景观的含义[J].时代建筑,2002,（1）:14-16.'''
''

=== English translation ===

''

'''The concept of the traditional Chinese Garden'''

'''Garden'''

The natural environment or the recreational place created through the transforming of the terrain (or further mountains, Stones and Water planning and designing), planting trees and flowers, constructing architecture, laying Park Road and other applications of engineering techniques and artistic means, it is called Garden.

'''Reference
Encyclopedia of China (Architecture, landscape architecture, Urban Planning Volume)'''

'''The concept of the landscape'''

There are four levels of the landscape concept.

(1) landscape as a visual perceptual object: the external scene in our eyes.

(2) Landscapes as living places: the inner experience of human life.

(3) Landscapes as systems: scientifically and objectively interpreting.

The first is the relationship between landscape and external systems.

The second is the internal ecological relationships between the various elements, namely the level of ecological processes.

The third ecological relationship is the structure and function within the landscape elements.

The fourth ecological relationship exists between the life and the environment.

The fifth ecological relationship exists between human beings and their physical environment, nutrition and energy.

(4) Landscape as a symbol: the ideal and the history books of human beings.

Landscape is aesthetic, landscape is perceptual, landscape is scientific, landscape is meaningful.

Landscape is the imprint of human natural and social processes on the land; landscape is the projection of man and nature, human relations and the pursuit of human ideals in the earth.

'''Reference

'''[1]Yu Kongjian ,Meanings of landscape[J], Modern A rchitecture.2002,(1):14-16'''.'''
''

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:8566.jpg|The traditional gardens in china

</gallery>

In ancient China when characters were first invented they were formed from one or more pictographs which either indicated meaning or pronunciation. So we have some characters which have one or more pictographs which alone or in combination indicate a meaning. Sometimes characters will have one part that indicates meaning and another that indicates pronunciation.
We translate the word ‘landscape’ from English into Chinese as ‘景觀’. 景 has two parts: 日 and 京. 京 is phonetic, and the original meaning of 日 is the sun. The shape of 景 shows that the sun is shining above somewhere. It means open space, natur and etc. 觀 has 3 parts: 雚, 目 and 儿. 雚 is phonetic, 目means eye and 儿 means person. The word shows that someone is watching. When we put the two words 景觀 together, 景 is at the front and has a higher status. When we see the two words, we can roughly get an idea that it means some beautiful place that has the value of sightseeing.

by Wei Wang

== Landscape Concept 2 ==

by: ''Hu Xiaolu, Yang Daisi''

=== Original ===

景观这个词过于强调视觉，容易忽视功能、社会以及人的其他感觉，由此已经带来了不少偏差。

风景园林是综合利用科学和艺术手段营造人类美好的室外生活境域的一个行业和一门学科。

-王绍增,园林景观与中国风景园林的未来

=== English translation ===

Landscape: Certain scenes which can cause some kind of visual experience or scenes which have specific characters in a certain region. Landscape includes all natural and artificial objective articles above the earth or in the universe. Landscape has the science art and culture properties.

-LIU Binyi; A study on the Developmental Strategy of Landscape Studies; Landscape Architecture; 2005-02

-Liu Binyi; Towards Contemporary Landscape Architecture; Time+Architecture; 1997-03

Landscape is focus too much on visible, and is easy to ignore the function, society and people’s feeling.

Landscape architecture is a discipline that integrates use the technic and artistic approach to create a wonderful outside living environment for human-being.

-Wang Shaozeng; Garden, Landscape and the Future of Chinese Landscape Architecture; Chinese Landscape Architecture, 2005-21(3)

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:image01.jpg|title and source
Image:image02.jpg|title and source
Image:image03.jpg|title and source
Image:image04.jpg|title and source
Image:image05.jpg|title and source
</gallery>

[[Category: Landscape Concept]]

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-24T21:24:34Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

'''add your case study title''' ''Shenyang Architectural University Campus''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Shenyang Architectural University Campus''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Taizhou City, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''China''
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Turenscape/Kongjian Yu/Turenscape and Beijing University Graduate School of Landscape ''
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Shenyang Architectural University''
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|''2004''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Birdview.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The key word of the concept for Shenyang Architectural University Campus is productive landscape, which is a efficient and economical land use. Under the reducing arable lands and increasing of population in world, the future landscape should be more efficient and economical. The concept of landscape should be regarded as a good way to solve the problems during the developing process. The vision of future landscapes will be always concerned with the relationship between nature and people.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

Although the rural land in China is shrinking and it is very important to use the land as practically as possible, we find that the landscapes should be a combination of efficient, economical and also aesthetic.

'''Comment to work of Kassel from Montevideo:'''

The necessity of food production in a country with limited tillable land makes that a simple rice paddy, being just a cultivable territory, becomes part of the cultural identity of China and transforms itself in a possible target-landscape for the nation.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

In March of 2002, the Shenyang City in North China’s Liaoning Province commissioned the designer to create a new, 80 hectares suburban campus for Shenyang Architectural University. The campus was built in the suburbs. The project is one part of the campus at the southwest of the campus, with an area of 3 hectares.
The proposed campus was originally a rice field. The rice from here is known for high quality, because of the cool climate and its longer growing season. The soil quality is good and a viable agricultural irrigation system was still in place.

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Landscape architects must think about the issues of food production and sustainable land use, two of the biggest current issues in China. The arable lands are shrinking due to the rapid urbanization process in China. The valuable and limited resources should be used efficiently. With the developmet towards urbanization, foodproduction landscapes in the country have come under increasing pressure. This project can help make clear the connection between productive agriculture and urban existence.

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?

The campus is not only designed to be a campus with small open platforms, spanning the landscape, the campus is also a completely functional rice paddy, complete with its own system of irrigation. Other native crops, such as buckwheat grow in rotation across the campus, annually. Native plants line pathways. Students participate in the sustainable development and food production. Student participation become part of the productive landscape. The farming processes can potentially become a laboratory for students and the faculty as well. Rice paddy became an university icon. The rice produced on the campus as new image of university campus. The project suggests a new form of hybrid landscape that could sustain traditional food production and supporting new uses.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Masterplan_of_rice_paddy.jpg| Master plan of the campus rice field (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
</gallery>

*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

This project shows how agricultural landscape can become part of the urbanized environment and how cultural identity can be created through an ordinary productive landscape. This project seeks to use rice, native plants and crops to keep the landscape productive while also fulfilling its new role as an environment for learning.
The utterly new campus landscape of Shenyang Architectural University was designed with rice and native crops and plants. By doing this, the campus became a unique environment for the students to learn not only from the book, but from the nature and agriculture. Materials and trees from the old campus were reused in this new campus. The natural and agricultural processes and the process of history become part of the studying of the students.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Image1.jpg|Students use the space in the field to read and communicate (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang)
Image:Image2.jpg|The Rice Harvesting Day: The last Saturday of October each year was designated as the Rice Harvesting Day, when all the students and faculty members participate in harvesting the their own rice. This way, the long lost tradition of rice culture in China becomes a campus culture (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:Image4.jpg|In the harvest time ,the landscape change into another landscape,a living charactor of the landscape(photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang)
</gallery>

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?

The concept of this design seeks to use rice, native plants and crops to
# Keeping the landscape productive
# Fulfilling its new role as an environment for learning.
# Providing a well compus environment for the students and faculties.For that, the gridded campus landscape is a totally functional rice paddy, complete with its own irrigation system. Other native crops, such as buckwheat, can also be grown in rotation and native plants line the pathways.

* How have they been expressed or incorporated?

The way of design expression:

# Extensive use of rice and local crops, native wild plants (such as Polygonum, Populus) as the landscape of the base, show site features.
# Convenient road network system. Comply with the latest line from the two rules, with the straight road connecting dormitories, canteens, classrooms and laboratories, the formation of green space and gardens across the rice paddies and convenient road network.
# By recycling old things, establishing the links between old and new school. The old campus of the post, stone thrust, floor tiles and trees incorporated into the new campus environment.

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">

</gallery>

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?

The project finished in a short time, just one year. And these are the important things for implementing:

# The productive campus rice paddy: not only designed to be a campus with small open platforms, spanning the landscape, the campus is also a completely functional rice paddy, complete with its own system of irrigation.
# Other native crops, such as buckwheat grow in rotation across the campus, annually. Native plants line pathways.

*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?

The project is just designed by Turenscape working with the graduate school of landscape architecture at Beijing University。

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design had to contend with the following existing site conditions and budgetary limitations:

# '''Former agricultural use:''' the new site for the proposed campus was originally a rice field, the origin of the famous “Northeast Rice,” known for high quality due to cool climate and its longer growing season than the those from the southern China (one single crop of rice in this area will last from the mid May till the end of October, while in south China it can only last 100 days, this is one reason that rice can be used as a landscaping material). The soil quality was good and a viable agricultural irrigation system was still in place.
# '''Small budget:''' only about one US dollars per square meter was allocated for landscaping. Most of the budget funded the design and construction of 320,000 sq m of new university buildings.
# '''Short timeline:''' the university required the design to be developed and implemented within one year. Classes were expected to begin in the fall semester of 2003.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:caotu.jpg| manuscript by Kongjian Yu(the desiger)
</gallery>

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?

This area are used by both students and faculty for reading, relaxing and communicating.The productive aspect of the landscape draws both students and faculty into the dialogue of sustainable development and food production.

* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?

In the productive landsacpe,it grows the Golden Rice ,and the Golden Rice became an university icon: the rice produced on the campus is harvested and distributed as “Golden Rice,” serving both as a keepsake for visitors of the school, and also as a source of identity forthe newly established, suburban campus. But perhaps most importantly of all, the widespread distribution of “GoldenRice” could raise awareness of new hybrid landscape solutions that could both continue old, yet crucial uses suchas food production, while supporting new uses, such as the education of China’s new architects.

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">

</gallery>

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

This project demonstrates how agricultural landscape can become part of the urbanized environment and how cultural identity can be created through an ordinary productive landscape.
The overwhelming urbanization of China is encroaching upon much arable land. With a population of 1.3 billion people and limited tillable land, food production and sustainable land use is a survival issue that landscape architects must address.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

Today, it is a landscape architect’s task in China to save the land suitable for food production. We think that with this particular project in Shenyang Architectural University in Northern China they have done a great job combining urban landscape with rural one and creating a relationship between human and nature. It is also good that both sides take advantage of it, for example the students can go outside during the brakes to read, communicate with friends or relax, further on, they can use that landscape for learning how to grow rice – they become part of the productive landscape. In addition, the recreational area around the school is used for growing rice, which looks very attractive and produces food as well. In conclusion, they have supported the traditional food production as well as the new uses of the landscape. This landscape is a good example of how agricultural landscape becomes part of an urbanized environment. In addition, this project shows how cultural identity can be created by an ordinary productive landscape, a rice-field.

'''Comment to work of Kassel from Montevideo:'''

The Shenyang Architectural University Campus in China is a very good example for the study of a case that soon will be a problem for all the world. Thought in these terms, it is clear that for the concept of landscape the aesthetic component would not be so much important. A landscape architecture ought to redefine its role towards this situation.

=== How shall we view landscape design in these modern times or in future facing new colleagues? ===

Landscape is not just the thing about aesthetics,it should be a field we should pay attentation to the living survival,together with local culture.

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:campus.jpg|Rice fields and buckwheat fields seen from inside the classroom window (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (1).jpg|Rice and buckwheat patches left over in the early winter give off a bright, warm color to the cold atmosphere (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (2).jpg|Rice fields and buckwheat fields seen from inside the classroom window (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (3).jpg|Details of the rice fields: native popular trees are used for shading, and the path is designed for potential mechanical use as well as for daily pedestrian use with planting band in the center (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (4).jpg|Rice fields are made penetrable using concrete narrow paths, that allow students, faculty and staff to touch and feel the rice (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (5).jpg|Rice paddies distributed in combination with study platform for students for uses away from the classroom. Each platform is covered with a native canopy tree. (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
</gallery>

=== References ===
*http://www.asla.org/awards/2005/05winners/090.html

*http://www.turenscape.com/english/projects/project.php?id=324

*http://openarchitecturenetwork.org/projects/shenyang_architectural_university

----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-24T21:22:30Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

Case Study Tartu 3

2010-11-24T21:18:27Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

'''The case study of Vabaduse Väljak (The Independence Square) in Tallinn''' by ''Anne Erik and Triin Orav''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Vabaduse väljak''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tallinn''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Estonia''
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|''OÜ Alver Trummal Arhitektid''
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tallinn City Government''
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|''20th August 2009''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Vabaduse v2ljak.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===
Life in the city is changing as well as the purpose of different landscapes in it. City squares are a nodal point where people do not walk only one way or another, they form their own routes – they have more opportunities, more freedom to do it. The squares are becoming more important for people to entertain themselves and get positive emotions. It does not mean that the squares lose their usage as markets or gathering places, but emphasis is slowly moving from one to another.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, we are more concerned with the square itself - which are relatively independent landscape form in shape and structure. For the Square, its own structure is relatively simple. However, such a single structure and spatial characteristics enable people to use it freedom and more selections, which also making the landscape into landscape with diversity.

'''Comment to work of Tartu from Montevideo:'''

The Independence Square in Tallinn is a typical example for an urban space with an important history and which needs to connect different parts of the city. As far as society needs a place which represents it, these squares will be part of our future landscape.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

After the walls of Tallinn bastion were demolished and the dikes were softened in 18th century, the area was at first known as Heinaturg (a Hay Market). In 1875 it became Peetri plats (Peter’s square), where they placed a statue in 1910 for Peter I. In 1922 the government of the Republic of Estonia removed the statue and in 1923 it became the Square of Independence (Vabaduse väljak).
Today it is a representative square in Tallinn situated between Jaani church and Harju hill. The area is 2,3 ha big, it’s purpose is to be a representative main square of Tallinn as well as a part of recreational and green zone around the old town of Tallinn. It is opened and available for all the inhabitants of the city, visitors and tourists. Under the square there is a 400-place parking lot.

The architects have designed a square that considers the historical architectural heritage, typology of the ground and future perspectives. The most important reason for building the square is to continue the net of green and recreational areas that are situated in the old bastions of the city wall.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework
As a fortress surrounded by a wall Tallinn is a medieval legacy. Tallinn became an industrial city in Czarist Russia in the 20th century, and in 1920 the capital of the Republic of Estonia. The city started to develop behind the city walls and they were demolished. In 2006 when Tallinn could become the Cultural Capital of Europe the creation of a representative city square became more important.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Plan provides estate connecting ranging between the Vabaduse square Kaarli avenue and bastion wall. An open city square and underground parking will be built on the estate. In addition to the parking below ground there will also be a large commercial area with pedestrian tunnel, which can be accessed from a spacious stairway constructed on Vabaduse square. With constructing the underground parking lot Vabaduse square becomes the State Office Square and the pedestrian area is suitable for the capital. New Square is deflected around the bastion and combines so far scattered urban space elements with cityscape as a whole. Vabaduse Square has no longer very clear boundaries, they are distributed.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?

So that the space would be perceived the edges are marked with the various architectural elements - high lamp posts, colored glass walls, massive guards ... but they are half-transparent, allowing the simultaneous presence of several different spaces.

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?

The architectural competition to the area has been held a few times before the project that was finally built was chosen. The last competition, that ended in 1998 had given a very good project, but as there was no political will, the project was never put into practice. In 2011 Tallinn is going to be the Cultural Capital of Europe, there was a political will, and in 2006 another competition for designing the square was announced. In 2008 they published the winner and it was OÜ Alver Trummal Arhitektid who had evolved the work that won in 1998. The purpose of the new design was to connect the different important parts around the square and make them cooperative, a new synergy-creating system.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?

The area is used by a lot of citizens, visitors and tourists. The Statue of Liberty that is situated in the Northern part of the square is a popular sight in Tallinn among tourists from Estonia as well as from foreign countries. The square was opened on the 20th August 2009 (that is the re-independence day in Estonia) and since then there has been a lot of actions going on – an extreme sports competition, a street basketball competition, movie nights, a party celebrating the 1st of September and the Independence Day Parade was held there on the 24th February 2010.

Since the Statue of Liberty on the Vabaduse väljak (the Independence square) was opened there has been problems with it (for example some of the glass-panels have been changed a few times) and it has given the statue a bit bad reputation among people.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

The role of landscape architecture in this project is the purpose of the square and the buildings around it – the square is presenting them (the square connects two very important churches in Estonia). It is possible to describe a square with the buildings that are surrounding it or different views that open to people when they are on it. When it comes to this particular square, Vabaduse väljak, you could say that it has no definite borders as it is situated in the middle of the city, but the architects have tried to give the borders by placing lamp posts to one side and a colorful wall to the other to make the space more obvious and bring it out a bit more. In addition, there are some constructions on the square that match the environment and typology and develop it.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

Cities are where people live together, compared to the rural landscape and the function of the urban landscape is more comprehensive. Just Like the indenpent square, as it provides a positive space, there is no conflict between the function of commerial and the function of people's leisure and entertainment, but there is a good combination.I think this is characteristic of many European cities, as the same time it is just the advantages of City Square in European.

'''Comment to work of Tartu from Montevideo:'''

Just in September 2010 a group of architects won the architectural competition for the redesign of our Independence Square in Montevideo. Citizens of Montevideo are now looking at the plans. And many people say: Who did ask us what we wanted?
And we ask you, if the problems with the Statue of Liberty in the Square of Tallinn did not happen because people were not consulted before the redesign. Maybe the role of a landscape architect in such a project should consider the public consultation like in the Punta Yeguas Park.

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Model.jpg|Model of the stairway taking to the statue
Image:Reconstruction.jpeg|Reconstruction of the square
Image:159544.jpg|Vabaduse square (Jaani Church)
Image:Vabaduse valjak.jpg|Vabaduse square
Image:Opening.jpg|Opening ceremony in 2009
Image:The statue of liberty.jpg|The Statue of Liberty
Image:At night.jpg|The Statue of Liberty at night
Image:IMGP0417(2).JPG| Player: She is a landscape architect who is studying in Tartu, but her family lives in Tallinn. Once a month, she goes home, and notes the changes in the city better than those who live there all the time.
Image:IMGP0417.JPG| Her day: She reads the news about what is happening in the city and decides to return home. She is going to look at the new architecture built. She arrives in town by train and walking through the old town. She goes through the Vabaduse Square in order to arrive at the bus stop. Tired of the long train journey, she eats a sandwich in Vabaduse Square. Sitting on the bench on Vabaduse Square, she admires skater skills.
</gallery>

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

http://www.solness.ee/maja/?mid=112&id=440&p=1

http://tpr.tallinn.ee/tpr

http://www.pealinn.ee/?pid=95&nid=466&lang=5

----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Tartu 3

2010-11-24T21:15:59Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

'''The case study of Vabaduse Väljak (The Independence Square) in Tallinn''' by ''Anne Erik and Triin Orav''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Vabaduse väljak''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tallinn''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Estonia''
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|''OÜ Alver Trummal Arhitektid''
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tallinn City Government''
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|''20th August 2009''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Vabaduse v2ljak.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===
Life in the city is changing as well as the purpose of different landscapes in it. City squares are a nodal point where people do not walk only one way or another, they form their own routes – they have more opportunities, more freedom to do it. The squares are becoming more important for people to entertain themselves and get positive emotions. It does not mean that the squares lose their usage as markets or gathering places, but emphasis is slowly moving from one to another.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, we are more concerned with the square itself - which are relatively independent landscape form in shape and structure. For the Square, its own structure is relatively simple. However, such a single structure and spatial characteristics enable people to use it freedom and more selections, which also making the landscape into landscape with diversity.

'''Comment to work of Tartu from Montevideo:'''

The Independence Square in Tallinn is a typical example for an urban space with an important history and which needs to connect different parts of the city. As far as society needs a place which represents it, these squares will be part of our future landscape.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

After the walls of Tallinn bastion were demolished and the dikes were softened in 18th century, the area was at first known as Heinaturg (a Hay Market). In 1875 it became Peetri plats (Peter’s square), where they placed a statue in 1910 for Peter I. In 1922 the government of the Republic of Estonia removed the statue and in 1923 it became the Square of Independence (Vabaduse väljak).
Today it is a representative square in Tallinn situated between Jaani church and Harju hill. The area is 2,3 ha big, it’s purpose is to be a representative main square of Tallinn as well as a part of recreational and green zone around the old town of Tallinn. It is opened and available for all the inhabitants of the city, visitors and tourists. Under the square there is a 400-place parking lot.

The architects have designed a square that considers the historical architectural heritage, typology of the ground and future perspectives. The most important reason for building the square is to continue the net of green and recreational areas that are situated in the old bastions of the city wall.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework
As a fortress surrounded by a wall Tallinn is a medieval legacy. Tallinn became an industrial city in Czarist Russia in the 20th century, and in 1920 the capital of the Republic of Estonia. The city started to develop behind the city walls and they were demolished. In 2006 when Tallinn could become the Cultural Capital of Europe the creation of a representative city square became more important.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Plan provides estate connecting ranging between the Vabaduse square Kaarli avenue and bastion wall. An open city square and underground parking will be built on the estate. In addition to the parking below ground there will also be a large commercial area with pedestrian tunnel, which can be accessed from a spacious stairway constructed on Vabaduse square. With constructing the underground parking lot Vabaduse square becomes the State Office Square and the pedestrian area is suitable for the capital. New Square is deflected around the bastion and combines so far scattered urban space elements with cityscape as a whole. Vabaduse Square has no longer very clear boundaries, they are distributed.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?

So that the space would be perceived the edges are marked with the various architectural elements - high lamp posts, colored glass walls, massive guards ... but they are half-transparent, allowing the simultaneous presence of several different spaces.

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?

The architectural competition to the area has been held a few times before the project that was finally built was chosen. The last competition, that ended in 1998 had given a very good project, but as there was no political will, the project was never put into practice. In 2011 Tallinn is going to be the Cultural Capital of Europe, there was a political will, and in 2006 another competition for designing the square was announced. In 2008 they published the winner and it was OÜ Alver Trummal Arhitektid who had evolved the work that won in 1998. The purpose of the new design was to connect the different important parts around the square and make them cooperative, a new synergy-creating system.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?

The area is used by a lot of citizens, visitors and tourists. The Statue of Liberty that is situated in the Northern part of the square is a popular sight in Tallinn among tourists from Estonia as well as from foreign countries. The square was opened on the 20th August 2009 (that is the re-independence day in Estonia) and since then there has been a lot of actions going on – an extreme sports competition, a street basketball competition, movie nights, a party celebrating the 1st of September and the Independence Day Parade was held there on the 24th February 2010.

Since the Statue of Liberty on the Vabaduse väljak (the Independence square) was opened there has been problems with it (for example some of the glass-panels have been changed a few times) and it has given the statue a bit bad reputation among people.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

The role of landscape architecture in this project is the purpose of the square and the buildings around it – the square is presenting them (the square connects two very important churches in Estonia). It is possible to describe a square with the buildings that are surrounding it or different views that open to people when they are on it. When it comes to this particular square, Vabaduse väljak, you could say that it has no definite borders as it is situated in the middle of the city, but the architects have tried to give the borders by placing lamp posts to one side and a colorful wall to the other to make the space more obvious and bring it out a bit more. In addition, there are some constructions on the square that match the environment and typology and develop it.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

Cities are where people live together, compared to the rural landscape and the function of the urban landscape is more comprehensive. Just Like the indenpent square, as it provides a positive space, there is no conflict between the function of commerial and the function of people's leisure and entertainment, but there is a good combination.I think this is characteristic of many European cities, as the same time it is just the advantages of City Square in European.

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Model.jpg|Model of the stairway taking to the statue
Image:Reconstruction.jpeg|Reconstruction of the square
Image:159544.jpg|Vabaduse square (Jaani Church)
Image:Vabaduse valjak.jpg|Vabaduse square
Image:Opening.jpg|Opening ceremony in 2009
Image:The statue of liberty.jpg|The Statue of Liberty
Image:At night.jpg|The Statue of Liberty at night
Image:IMGP0417(2).JPG| Player: She is a landscape architect who is studying in Tartu, but her family lives in Tallinn. Once a month, she goes home, and notes the changes in the city better than those who live there all the time.
Image:IMGP0417.JPG| Her day: She reads the news about what is happening in the city and decides to return home. She is going to look at the new architecture built. She arrives in town by train and walking through the old town. She goes through the Vabaduse Square in order to arrive at the bus stop. Tired of the long train journey, she eats a sandwich in Vabaduse Square. Sitting on the bench on Vabaduse Square, she admires skater skills.
</gallery>

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

http://www.solness.ee/maja/?mid=112&id=440&p=1

http://tpr.tallinn.ee/tpr

http://www.pealinn.ee/?pid=95&nid=466&lang=5

----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-24T21:12:51Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? */

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-24T21:10:45Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

'''add your case study title''' ''Shenyang Architectural University Campus''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Shenyang Architectural University Campus''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Taizhou City, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''China''
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Turenscape/Kongjian Yu/Turenscape and Beijing University Graduate School of Landscape ''
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Shenyang Architectural University''
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|''2004''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Birdview.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The key word of the concept for Shenyang Architectural University Campus is productive landscape, which is a efficient and economical land use. Under the reducing arable lands and increasing of population in world, the future landscape should be more efficient and economical. The concept of landscape should be regarded as a good way to solve the problems during the developing process. The vision of future landscapes will be always concerned with the relationship between nature and people.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

Although the rural land in China is shrinking and it is very important to use the land as practically as possible, we find that the landscapes should be a combination of efficient, economical and also aesthetic.

'''Comment to work of Kassel from Montevideo:'''

The necessity of food production in a country with limited tillable land makes that a simple rice paddy, being just a cultivable territory, becomes part of the cultural identity of China and transforms itself in a possible target-landscape for the nation.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

In March of 2002, the Shenyang City in North China’s Liaoning Province commissioned the designer to create a new, 80 hectares suburban campus for Shenyang Architectural University. The campus was built in the suburbs. The project is one part of the campus at the southwest of the campus, with an area of 3 hectares.
The proposed campus was originally a rice field. The rice from here is known for high quality, because of the cool climate and its longer growing season. The soil quality is good and a viable agricultural irrigation system was still in place.

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Landscape architects must think about the issues of food production and sustainable land use, two of the biggest current issues in China. The arable lands are shrinking due to the rapid urbanization process in China. The valuable and limited resources should be used efficiently. With the developmet towards urbanization, foodproduction landscapes in the country have come under increasing pressure. This project can help make clear the connection between productive agriculture and urban existence.

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?

The campus is not only designed to be a campus with small open platforms, spanning the landscape, the campus is also a completely functional rice paddy, complete with its own system of irrigation. Other native crops, such as buckwheat grow in rotation across the campus, annually. Native plants line pathways. Students participate in the sustainable development and food production. Student participation become part of the productive landscape. The farming processes can potentially become a laboratory for students and the faculty as well. Rice paddy became an university icon. The rice produced on the campus as new image of university campus. The project suggests a new form of hybrid landscape that could sustain traditional food production and supporting new uses.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Masterplan_of_rice_paddy.jpg| Master plan of the campus rice field (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
</gallery>

*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

This project shows how agricultural landscape can become part of the urbanized environment and how cultural identity can be created through an ordinary productive landscape. This project seeks to use rice, native plants and crops to keep the landscape productive while also fulfilling its new role as an environment for learning.
The utterly new campus landscape of Shenyang Architectural University was designed with rice and native crops and plants. By doing this, the campus became a unique environment for the students to learn not only from the book, but from the nature and agriculture. Materials and trees from the old campus were reused in this new campus. The natural and agricultural processes and the process of history become part of the studying of the students.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Image1.jpg|Students use the space in the field to read and communicate (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang)
Image:Image2.jpg|The Rice Harvesting Day: The last Saturday of October each year was designated as the Rice Harvesting Day, when all the students and faculty members participate in harvesting the their own rice. This way, the long lost tradition of rice culture in China becomes a campus culture (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:Image4.jpg|In the harvest time ,the landscape change into another landscape,a living charactor of the landscape(photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang)
</gallery>

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?

The concept of this design seeks to use rice, native plants and crops to
# Keeping the landscape productive
# Fulfilling its new role as an environment for learning.
# Providing a well compus environment for the students and faculties.For that, the gridded campus landscape is a totally functional rice paddy, complete with its own irrigation system. Other native crops, such as buckwheat, can also be grown in rotation and native plants line the pathways.

* How have they been expressed or incorporated?

The way of design expression:

# Extensive use of rice and local crops, native wild plants (such as Polygonum, Populus) as the landscape of the base, show site features.
# Convenient road network system. Comply with the latest line from the two rules, with the straight road connecting dormitories, canteens, classrooms and laboratories, the formation of green space and gardens across the rice paddies and convenient road network.
# By recycling old things, establishing the links between old and new school. The old campus of the post, stone thrust, floor tiles and trees incorporated into the new campus environment.

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">

</gallery>

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?

The project finished in a short time, just one year. And these are the important things for implementing:

# The productive campus rice paddy: not only designed to be a campus with small open platforms, spanning the landscape, the campus is also a completely functional rice paddy, complete with its own system of irrigation.
# Other native crops, such as buckwheat grow in rotation across the campus, annually. Native plants line pathways.

*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?

The project is just designed by Turenscape working with the graduate school of landscape architecture at Beijing University。

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design had to contend with the following existing site conditions and budgetary limitations:

# '''Former agricultural use:''' the new site for the proposed campus was originally a rice field, the origin of the famous “Northeast Rice,” known for high quality due to cool climate and its longer growing season than the those from the southern China (one single crop of rice in this area will last from the mid May till the end of October, while in south China it can only last 100 days, this is one reason that rice can be used as a landscaping material). The soil quality was good and a viable agricultural irrigation system was still in place.
# '''Small budget:''' only about one US dollars per square meter was allocated for landscaping. Most of the budget funded the design and construction of 320,000 sq m of new university buildings.
# '''Short timeline:''' the university required the design to be developed and implemented within one year. Classes were expected to begin in the fall semester of 2003.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:caotu.jpg| manuscript by Kongjian Yu(the desiger)
</gallery>

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?

This area are used by both students and faculty for reading, relaxing and communicating.The productive aspect of the landscape draws both students and faculty into the dialogue of sustainable development and food production.

* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?

In the productive landsacpe,it grows the Golden Rice ,and the Golden Rice became an university icon: the rice produced on the campus is harvested and distributed as “Golden Rice,” serving both as a keepsake for visitors of the school, and also as a source of identity forthe newly established, suburban campus. But perhaps most importantly of all, the widespread distribution of “GoldenRice” could raise awareness of new hybrid landscape solutions that could both continue old, yet crucial uses suchas food production, while supporting new uses, such as the education of China’s new architects.

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">

</gallery>

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

This project demonstrates how agricultural landscape can become part of the urbanized environment and how cultural identity can be created through an ordinary productive landscape.
The overwhelming urbanization of China is encroaching upon much arable land. With a population of 1.3 billion people and limited tillable land, food production and sustainable land use is a survival issue that landscape architects must address.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

Today, it is a landscape architect’s task in China to save the land suitable for food production. We think that with this particular project in Shenyang Architectural University in Northern China they have done a great job combining urban landscape with rural one and creating a relationship between human and nature. It is also good that both sides take advantage of it, for example the students can go outside during the brakes to read, communicate with friends or relax, further on, they can use that landscape for learning how to grow rice – they become part of the productive landscape. In addition, the recreational area around the school is used for growing rice, which looks very attractive and produces food as well. In conclusion, they have supported the traditional food production as well as the new uses of the landscape. This landscape is a good example of how agricultural landscape becomes part of an urbanized environment. In addition, this project shows how cultural identity can be created by an ordinary productive landscape, a rice-field.

=== How shall we view landscape design in these modern times or in future facing new colleagues? ===

Landscape is not just the thing about aesthetics,it should be a field we should pay attentation to the living survival,together with local culture.

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:campus.jpg|Rice fields and buckwheat fields seen from inside the classroom window (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (1).jpg|Rice and buckwheat patches left over in the early winter give off a bright, warm color to the cold atmosphere (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (2).jpg|Rice fields and buckwheat fields seen from inside the classroom window (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (3).jpg|Details of the rice fields: native popular trees are used for shading, and the path is designed for potential mechanical use as well as for daily pedestrian use with planting band in the center (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (4).jpg|Rice fields are made penetrable using concrete narrow paths, that allow students, faculty and staff to touch and feel the rice (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (5).jpg|Rice paddies distributed in combination with study platform for students for uses away from the classroom. Each platform is covered with a native canopy tree. (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
</gallery>

=== References ===
*http://www.asla.org/awards/2005/05winners/090.html

*http://www.turenscape.com/english/projects/project.php?id=324

*http://openarchitecturenetwork.org/projects/shenyang_architectural_university

----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T21:00:34Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' || style="background:Lavender"| Punta Yeguas Park
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Mapa PYeguas.JPG|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typical case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential project for local development. For these places, building a natural park or national park is a normal way for improving the local landscape development. In Europe, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own fantastic coastlines, rich forests and green areas. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controlling the private hands and improving the environment protection belong to these concepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative case in South American. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

The positive side about the future of the area is that it is maintained by the people living nearby - that gives the area a better maintenance and probably people use it more often, too. Secondly, the different possibilities for people to use it (sporting routes, cultural center etc) make it more attractive and people use the area more.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit through the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is the park as a part of eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. This project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

In this project they have created different possibilities for people to spend their spare time. At the same time, they have promoted general natural resources of the coastline and retained the previously existing landmarks as well as the biological components.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.JPG|your image text
Image:StCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T20:55:36Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' || style="background:Lavender"| Punta Yeguas Park
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Mapa PYeguas.JPG|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typical case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential project for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own fantastic coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controlling the private hands and improving the environment protection belong to these concepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative case in South American. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

The positive side about the future of the area is that it is maintained by the people living nearby - that gives the area a better maintenance and probably people use it more often, too. Secondly, the different possibilities for people to use it (sporting routes, cultural center etc) make it more attractive and people use the area more.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit through the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is the park as a part of eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. This project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

In this project they have created different possibilities for people to spend their spare time. At the same time, they have promoted general natural resources of the coastline and retained the previously existing landmarks as well as the biological components.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.JPG|your image text
Image:StCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-24T19:19:52Z

WeiWang: /* Analysis of program/function */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

'''add your case study title''' ''Shenyang Architectural University Campus''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Shenyang Architectural University Campus''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Taizhou City, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''China''
|-
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Turenscape/Kongjian Yu/Turenscape and Beijing University Graduate School of Landscape ''
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Shenyang Architectural University''
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|''2004''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Birdview.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The key word of the concept for Shenyang Architectural University Campus is productive landscape, which is a efficient and economical land use. Under the reducing arable lands and increasing of population in world, the future landscape should be more efficient and economical. The concept of landscape should be regarded as a good way to solve the problems during the developing process. The vision of future landscapes will be always concerned with the relationship between nature and people.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

Although the rural land in China is shrinking and it is very important to use the land as practically as possible, we find that the landscapes should be a combination of efficient, economical and also aesthetic.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

In March of 2002, the Shenyang City in North China’s Liaoning Province commissioned the designer to create a new, 80 hectares suburban campus for Shenyang Architectural University. The campus was built in the suburbs. The project is one part of the campus at the southwest of the campus, with an area of 3 hectares.
The proposed campus was originally a rice field. The rice from here is known for high quality, because of the cool climate and its longer growing season. The soil quality is good and a viable agricultural irrigation system was still in place.

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Landscape architects must think about the issues of food production and sustainable land use, two of the biggest current issues in China. The arable lands are shrinking due to the rapid urbanization process in China. The valuable and limited resources should be used efficiently. With the developmet towards urbanization, foodproduction landscapes in the country have come under increasing pressure. This project can help make clear the connection between productive agriculture and urban existence.

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?

The campus is not only designed to be a campus with small open platforms, spanning the landscape, the campus is also a completely functional rice paddy, complete with its own system of irrigation. Other native crops, such as buckwheat grow in rotation across the campus, annually. Native plants line pathways. Students participate in the sustainable development and food production. Student participation become part of the productive landscape. The farming processes can potentially become a laboratory for students and the faculty as well. Rice paddy became an university icon. The rice produced on the campus as new image of university campus. The project suggests a new form of hybrid landscape that could sustain traditional food production and supporting new uses.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Masterplan_of_rice_paddy.jpg| Master plan of the campus rice field (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
</gallery>

*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

This project shows how agricultural landscape can become part of the urbanized environment and how cultural identity can be created through an ordinary productive landscape. This project seeks to use rice, native plants and crops to keep the landscape productive while also fulfilling its new role as an environment for learning.
The utterly new campus landscape of Shenyang Architectural University was designed with rice and native crops and plants. By doing this, the campus became a unique environment for the students to learn not only from the book, but from the nature and agriculture. Materials and trees from the old campus were reused in this new campus. The natural and agricultural processes and the process of history become part of the studying of the students.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Image1.jpg|Students use the space in the field to read and communicate (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang)
Image:Image2.jpg|The Rice Harvesting Day: The last Saturday of October each year was designated as the Rice Harvesting Day, when all the students and faculty members participate in harvesting the their own rice. This way, the long lost tradition of rice culture in China becomes a campus culture (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:Image4.jpg|In the harvest time ,the landscape change into another landscape,a living charactor of the landscape(photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang)
</gallery>

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?

The concept of this design seeks to use rice, native plants and crops to
# Keeping the landscape productive
# Fulfilling its new role as an environment for learning.
# Providing a well compus environment for the students and faculties.For that, the gridded campus landscape is a totally functional rice paddy, complete with its own irrigation system. Other native crops, such as buckwheat, can also be grown in rotation and native plants line the pathways.

* How have they been expressed or incorporated?

The way of design expression:

# Extensive use of rice and local crops, native wild plants (such as Polygonum, Populus) as the landscape of the base, show site features.
# Convenient road network system. Comply with the latest line from the two rules, with the straight road connecting dormitories, canteens, classrooms and laboratories, the formation of green space and gardens across the rice paddies and convenient road network.
# By recycling old things, establishing the links between old and new school. The old campus of the post, stone thrust, floor tiles and trees incorporated into the new campus environment.

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">

</gallery>

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?

The project finished in a short time, just one year. And these are the important things for implementing:

# The productive campus rice paddy: not only designed to be a campus with small open platforms, spanning the landscape, the campus is also a completely functional rice paddy, complete with its own system of irrigation.
# Other native crops, such as buckwheat grow in rotation across the campus, annually. Native plants line pathways.

*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?

The project is just designed by Turenscape working with the graduate school of landscape architecture at Beijing University。

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design had to contend with the following existing site conditions and budgetary limitations:

# '''Former agricultural use:''' the new site for the proposed campus was originally a rice field, the origin of the famous “Northeast Rice,” known for high quality due to cool climate and its longer growing season than the those from the southern China (one single crop of rice in this area will last from the mid May till the end of October, while in south China it can only last 100 days, this is one reason that rice can be used as a landscaping material). The soil quality was good and a viable agricultural irrigation system was still in place.
# '''Small budget:''' only about one US dollars per square meter was allocated for landscaping. Most of the budget funded the design and construction of 320,000 sq m of new university buildings.
# '''Short timeline:''' the university required the design to be developed and implemented within one year. Classes were expected to begin in the fall semester of 2003.

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:caotu.jpg| manuscript by Kongjian Yu(the desiger)
</gallery>

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?

This area are used by both students and faculty for reading, relaxing and communicating.The productive aspect of the landscape draws both students and faculty into the dialogue of sustainable development and food production.

* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?

In the productive landsacpe,it grows the Golden Rice ,and the Golden Rice became an university icon: the rice produced on the campus is harvested and distributed as “Golden Rice,” serving both as a keepsake for visitors of the school, and also as a source of identity forthe newly established, suburban campus. But perhaps most importantly of all, the widespread distribution of “GoldenRice” could raise awareness of new hybrid landscape solutions that could both continue old, yet crucial uses suchas food production, while supporting new uses, such as the education of China’s new architects.

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">

</gallery>

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

This project demonstrates how agricultural landscape can become part of the urbanized environment and how cultural identity can be created through an ordinary productive landscape.
The overwhelming urbanization of China is encroaching upon much arable land. With a population of 1.3 billion people and limited tillable land, food production and sustainable land use is a survival issue that landscape architects must address.

'''Comments from Tartu Group 3:'''

Today, it is a landscape architect’s task in China to save the land suitable for food production. We think that with this particular project in Shenyang Architectural University in Northern China they have done a great job combining urban landscape with rural one and creating a relationship between human and nature. It is also good that both sides take advantage of it, for example the students can go outside during the brakes to read, communicate with friends or relax, further on, they can use that landscape for learning how to grow rice – they become part of the productive landscape. In addition, the recreational area around the school is used for growing rice, which looks very attractive and produces food as well. In conclusion, they have supported the traditional food production as well as the new uses of the landscape. This landscape is a good example of how agricultural landscape becomes part of an urbanized environment. In addition, this project shows how cultural identity can be created by an ordinary productive landscape, a rice-field.

=== How shall we view landscape design in these modern times or in future facing new colleagues? ===

Landscape is not just the thing about aesthetics,it should be a field we should pay attentation to the living survival,together with local culture.

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:campus.jpg|Rice fields and buckwheat fields seen from inside the classroom window (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (1).jpg|Rice and buckwheat patches left over in the early winter give off a bright, warm color to the cold atmosphere (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (2).jpg|Rice fields and buckwheat fields seen from inside the classroom window (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (3).jpg|Details of the rice fields: native popular trees are used for shading, and the path is designed for potential mechanical use as well as for daily pedestrian use with planting band in the center (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (4).jpg|Rice fields are made penetrable using concrete narrow paths, that allow students, faculty and staff to touch and feel the rice (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
Image:campus (5).jpg|Rice paddies distributed in combination with study platform for students for uses away from the classroom. Each platform is covered with a native canopy tree. (photo: Kongjian Yu, Chao Yang).
</gallery>

=== References ===
*http://www.asla.org/awards/2005/05winners/090.html

*http://www.turenscape.com/english/projects/project.php?id=324

*http://openarchitecturenetwork.org/projects/shenyang_architectural_university

----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:37:19Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own fantastic coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection belong to these concepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative case in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is the park as a part of eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. This project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:36:32Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own fantastic coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection belong to these concepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative case in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

'''
Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is this park as a part of an eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. Here this project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:35:42Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own fantastic coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection belong to these concepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative tourist town in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

'''
Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is this park as a part of an eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. Here this project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:31:08Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own armzing coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection are showed by these conzepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative tourist town in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

'''
Comments from kassel university:'''

In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is this park as a part of an eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. Here this project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:30:46Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

'''Comments from kassel university:'''

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own armzing coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection are showed by these conzepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative tourist town in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

Comments from kassel university:
In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is this park as a part of an eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. Here this project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:29:38Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

Comments from kassel university:
As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own armzing coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection are showed by these conzepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative tourist town in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

Comments from kassel university:
In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is this park as a part of an eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. Here this project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:29:07Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

Comments from kassel university:
In this case, landscape is regarded as the important economical benefit throught the tourism. the project is marked by the natural resources, which combine with the local culture, history, social aspects. The local people also play a main role in promoting the sustainable development. The other important point of this project is this park as a part of an eco-region, which is good way for the future landscape. Here this project shows a good relationship between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:09:50Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Talk:Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:09:39Z

WeiWang: New page: As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park o...

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own armzing coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection are showed by these conzepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative tourist town in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

Talk:Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-24T16:08:59Z

Case Study Montevideo 1

2010-11-24T16:08:06Z

WeiWang: /* Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? */

---> back to overview of [[Future Landscapes Group 5]]

Case Study of Punta Yeguas Park on Montevideo Coastline, by Cecilia Curbelo and María Teresa Hampe

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' Punta Yeguas Park
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|Western Montevideo
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|Uruguay
| '''Office''' || style="background:Lavender"|Council of Montevideo and citizens of Western Montevideo
|-
| '''Client''' || style="background:Lavender"| Citizens of Montevideo
|-
| '''Completion''' || style="background:Lavender"|In process since 2006
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Mapa_PYeguas.jpg|140px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| <googlemap version="0.9" lat="-23.581609" lon="-46.590271" type="satellite" zoom="9" width="300" height="250">
</googlemap>
|}

=== Core Question 1: In how far does this project reveal your concept of future landscapes? ===

The Uruguayan economy depends mainly on their natural resources, but in turn it is trying to maintain the objective of Uruguay "Natural Country".
The pressure on the natural environment of Montevideo is given by the invasion of different economic activities and by population concentration. A clear example of this situation is its coastline: a great urbanization has taken place in its 22 km, which is making pressure on the more natural western coastland with the invasion of different economical activities.
The area of Punta Yeguas Park shows an edge where city and nature meet each another.
Since more than ten years a group of local people is working for protecting this area from devastation. 2006 the Council of Montevideo expropriated this area from private hands to destiny it as a public park and local people work for the design and the managing of the park.
With the work of local people, who feel indentified with the environment, this project can mean the correct implementation of biological, infrastructural and cultural topics in a territory. A project,which will be easily managed in future, because it is sustained by its own people.

As a typicial case for landscape of the tourist town, Punta Yeguas Park is regarded as the most important and potential resource for local development. For these places, the natural park or national park is a normal way as a trend for the future landscape. In Europa, we can also see lots of same examples such as in Italy and Greece. These towns or cities own armzing coastline, rich forest and green area. The protecting the landscape, promoting the tourism, building the comprehensive system, controling the private hands and improving the environment protection are showed by these conzepts of landscape development. The Punta Yeguas Park is representative tourist town in South Armerican. Depending on own natural resources is the best way for the future landscape development.

=== Landscape and/or urban context===
*Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

Illustration:
Map; sketches; short descriptive analyses

The Punta Yeguas Park is an area of 103 hectares on the coast of the River Plate between the settlement Santa Catalina and the stony border of Punta Yeguas.
The principal landscape feature of this zone is that it looks like a rolling plain with a smooth slope from the route till the coast. On the River Plate are consecutives beaches of dunes of sand, with some prairies and small forests on the top, a some wetland and a stream. The vegetation has different types of forest, indigenous and imported. The vegetation of important size are mostly pines and eucalyptus, both exotic. This park is part of an eco-region with diversity of fish and invertebrates, as well as important mammal and bird colonies.

=== Cultural/social/political context===
*Brief explanation of culture, political economy, legal framework

Illustration:
Bullet points, image, background notes

According to the legal framework of the “POT” (Plan de Ordenamiento Territorial de Montevideo), this zone is included as an “Area of Environmental Recover” (Área de Recuperación Ambiental).
This area was in private hands till 2006, exposed to devastation. The owners extracted sand in excess, not taking into account the legal framework that protects the ecosystem in the region. Simultaneously the forest was being destructed because of the commercialization of wood.
People of the environment felt identified with this particular coast side, and felt that is was losing its natural features. The settlements of Western Montevideo are mostly poor and many of them are situated in illegal properties. So they put them self together, but had no economical recourses to manage the situation.
Finally they integrated a representative group of Western Montevideo, so that they could handle and come to an agreement with the Council of Montevideo: In the year 2006, the Council began to expropriate this area from private hands for the destiny of a public park.
Still then and till today they are working for this park trying to achieve their goals.

=== Spatial analysis of area/project/plan===
*What are the main structural features?
*How has it been shaped? Were there any critical decisions?

Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

As the project aims to promote the general natural features of the western Coastline, the infrastructure proposed for the area has to respect present landmarks and the biological components. It has been shaped to give more value to nature.

=== Analysis of program/function ===
* What are the main functional characteristics?
* How have they been expressed or incorporated?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

Goals of the plan(1):
- recover a collective space for the city, managed by the neighbors.

- integrate recreational and cultural activities with the natural features of the coast, the sighting of birds

- create social responsibility on the use of space, its flora and fauna.

The planning is based in a zoning of the different activities: camping, sports, a cultural center with the possibility for a museum, a multi center, an information center.
The necessary infrastructures imply paths for walking, jogging and cycling, lighting, signaling the services offered in the area, and the identification of the different vegetation, among others.

(1)Seminario Taller Parque Público Punta Yeguas, 2007

=== Analysis of design/planning process ===
* How was the area/project/plan formulated and implemented?
*Were there any important consultations/collaborations?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The design process is the result of the dynamic teamwork of the people of the neighborhood, with the collaboration of professional of the council and other volunteers. The planning method used was “Participatory planning for scenarios formalized with planning management” by the project PPGA (Planificación Participativa y Gestión Asociada) from FLACSO (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales).
But the focus of the problem is just the area of Punta Yeguas. It is necessary to overview the connection with the rest of western coastline to have a harmonious interrelationship with other structural elements of the territory.

=== Analysis of use/users ===
* How is the area/project/plan used and by whom?
* Is the use changing? Are there any issues?
Illustration: Map/diagram/sketches photos and background notes

The area is used mainly by the local population, but in the summer people arrive from all Montevideo. The different offers of sports, the recreation possibilities and the natural sight, makes the place very attractive.

=== Core Question 2: What is the role of landscape architecture in this project? ===

A territory suffers the tensions of different agents: The future landscape depends of the regards of local people and what they expect for their landscape, the benefits of the government and global economical interests. The results of this pressure will have different consequences, which have to be considered by a landscape planner.
According to Thomas Sieverts (1997) “the protection of nature is essential in order to retain the “historical” nature as an object of living experience in the city”.
In this project a landscape planner has an ethical debt to support and promote local people who are working hard for managing their natural environment. But as a part of an eco-region an integrated design of this park to the rest of the coast and the rural district is necessary and possibilities a continuum with the rest of the coast. This makes possible different lectures (esthetic, cultural, economical) of Montevideo’s coastline, with a gradual transformation from urban to rural and natural backgrounds.
The combination of the professional vision of landscape planner with the aspirations of social groups, the knowledge of the legal framework and the ecological conditions of the coast are the clues to find the necessary links between nature and urbanism.

=== You may add 1-2 more core questions as discussed in your group ===

=== Image Gallery ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="5">
Image:Mapa PYeguas.jpg|your image text
Image:StaCata1867.jpg|your image text
Image:working for PY.jpg|your image text
Image:viewPY.jpg|your image text
Image:vegetationPY.jpg|your image text
</gallery>
Punta Yeguas Park

=== References ===
Please add literature, documentations and weblinks

o DINAMA (2008) “Uruguay and the convention on Biological Diversity: Advances and challenges”, edited by the Ministery of Housing, Territorial Planning and Environment, Montevideo

o Seminario Taller de planificación Participativa Junta Departamental Montevideo, 2007 “Diseñando juntos el Parque Público Punta Yeguas”, edited by Gráfica Don Bosco, Montevideo

o Sieverts, Thomas (1997) “Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt” edited in English 2003 by Spon Spress, London
----
[[Category:Case Study]]
[[Category:Future Landscapes Group 5 Case Study]]
About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-19T13:52:56Z

WeiWang: /* Image Gallery */

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-19T13:51:49Z

WeiWang: /* Image Gallery */

File:Image2.jpg

2010-11-19T13:49:16Z

WeiWang: uploaded a new version of "Image:Image2.jpg"

File:Image2.jpg

2010-11-19T13:47:51Z

WeiWang: uploaded a new version of "Image:Image2.jpg": Reverted to version as of 13:45, 19 November 2010

File:Image2.jpg

2010-11-19T13:47:34Z

WeiWang: uploaded a new version of "Image:Image2.jpg"

File:Image2.jpg

2010-11-19T13:45:43Z

WeiWang:

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-19T13:43:17Z

WeiWang: /* Spatial analysis of area/project/plan */

Case Study Kassel Group

2010-11-19T13:41:40Z

WeiWang: /* Spatial analysis of area/project/plan */