Wikienfk5 - User contributions [en]

Collaborative Green Infrastructure Design Group C

2015-01-26T15:26:27Z

Nicklp: /* Projective drawings */

---> back to group page [[Green Infrastructure 2014 - Working Group C|working group C]]

'''''
Green/Blue Infrastructure of the urban area of the river of Tirana, ALBANIA
'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Green/blue infrastructure in north of Tirana''
|-
| '''Country''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Albania''
|-
| '''City''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tirana''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Mirsa Gishti, Bahman Nahri, Nataly Montoya, Paulina Nickl''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|[[File:River of Tirana.jpg|400px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|{{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=400
|height=200
|lat=41.35058978679405
|lng=19.803779075305215
|zoom=13
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Blue/green infrstructure-connecting the historic centre with the national park ==

''The river of Tirana is located between the historic centre and the National Park of the Paskuqani in northern part of the city. It is one of the 5 developing poles of the multicentric masterplan of the city approved in 2012. The population is expeted to increase during the next years, according to the demographic data and this fact makes the river`s zone a potential area of high density and multifunctionality in the future. The landscape is shaped mostly by natural and seminatural features like hills, the river and the park. Currently informal buildings, waste pollution and low mantainance of ecologic environment has become a very big problem to solve. It is an emergency to approach the future development of the area based on a well integrated green/blue infrastructure project since nothing has been done in this aspect and planning is always a better choice than improving when is too late.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

*''Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

''' Overview of the city '''

Tirana, the capital of Albania, is situated 40
kilometers from Durres, the largest port in the
country and 26 km from Mother Theresa
International Airport. It is the largest city, with an
increasing population, with an average annual
growth rate of 3.77% from 2001–2009 (INSTAT,
2009). The faster urbanization influences the city's
development, the living environment and the socioeconomic
situation.Tirana has the opportunity to be regenerated
itself after a long term of isolation.
Exists a lot of informality in the northpart of the city,
but this informality is supposed to be the shelter for
those persons who live there.

[[Image:Historical evolution.jpg|right|430px|]]

----

'''Biogeography of the area'''

Tirana‟s contact with water is concretized in two
lakes (one in north and the other in south) and two
rivers (Tirana River and Lana River) that run parallel
to each other, between the two lakes. The actual
condition of the Tirana River waterfront is weak and
the regeneration of it is an important issue for the
development of the city.

Its north-south axis, which eventually corresponds
to the main boulevard of the city, serves as a
connector between the lakes and the rivers.
Existing general land use of the area
under study and identification of the water surfaces
of Tirana city. (Source: GrimShaw analysis and Dar
analysis for Tirana Masterplan 2012)
“Tirana in the XVI century was defined by a
building mosque, a hammam and a bakery,” (Aliaj,
Myftiu & Lulo, 2003). So, water was not the most
important factor in the foundation of the city, but it
was one of the natural resources affecting the
growth of its early settlements and melding its
future. In the actual situation, there do exist a close
relationship between the water and the city.
Like other natural elements (Dajti Mountain, hills,
agriculture etc.) water influences the urban
development and the stratum of the urban fabric.

The urbanization process happens on
both sides of the Lana and Tirana River, around
lakes. Tirana‟s green regions are strengthened by
the topography besieging the urban superficies, the
streets, the habitation areas etc. The source of Tirana River is in the mountains to
the east. It flows to west through the northern area
of the city. In the mountains, it flows through the
protected area of Dajti Mountain, providing an
ecological corridor, through which wildlife can
extend and survive. Its estuary is 30-40 km to the
north-west at Rodon Bay, on the Adriatic coast. The
topography of Tirana from east to west is
nearly 1% slope. The existing natural movement
results fast during periods of rainfall, which
combined with coarse sand and cobbles by the
mountains located close, becomes a destructive
force.

----

After the centralized society dropped to the market
economy in the ‟90s, Tirana, as many other postsocialist
cities of Europe, experienced an extensive
growth by the congestion of the new population that
settled in the periphery of it, which was not well
incorporated into the urban life of the city.
This decentralized action induced spontaneous
settlement by the citizens, with their own resources,
the same as it did in different places of the world,
including Bogota, Bombay, Caracas etc., which
suffer from a high percentage of informality. In
Tirana, the social and spatial pattern viewpoint of
the phenomena is little investigated.

----

The informal settlements (Kamza, Bathore and
Paskuqan, the three major informal housing
settlements around Tirana, with over 90% of the
dwellings constructed illegally), grew mainly in the
early 2000, in suspicious and poor conditions. This
gave birth to an “informal city”, which was not
acknowledged by the authorities, a self-made
structure by rural immigrants which saw Tirana as a
better opportunity for their familiar and future life.
This city grew without planning control, creating a
spatial and cultural disconnection with the existing
urban situation. The consolidation of the “selfadding-
process” raises the problems of social injury
which needs to be resolved. The sustainable
development of these areas, the integration and
consolidation need a better understanding of these
problems, to go to the final solutions. “The
segregation involves spatial separation of
population groups and spatial separation reduces
interaction among groups over space” (Newby,
1982).

----

'''The existing condition of the Tirana river waterfront'''
One of these informal areas is that of the North
Tirana (Tirana River area near Paskuqan). The
current ecological situation of the urban Tirana River
demonstrates waterways and aquifers, poor waste
management, contaminated land, deforestation and
sporadic urbanization. Ecologically it is poor. As the
European and world's experience shows, many of
the nowadays healthy river waterfronts, were
polluted in the past, so the chances for reversing the
natural state are high.
“The peculiarity of Tirana stands in the fact that
post-socialist socio-spatial transformations are
better defined by Balkanization (implying
individuality and hostility) rather than segregation
(which implies clustering)” (Nase, Ocakçi. 2010).
The public space is missing, as it is made property
of the individuals which are settled in the area,
property of each one alone, not along with the
others. These individuals are interested in what
evolves inside the fence of their houses and feel like
lose character outside these borders. This kind of
mentality makes citizens of this area distinguish by
a special lifestyle, but not necessarily by good life
quality. The rejection of sharing space with others
leads to lack of social life, parks, recreational areas
etc.. Currently, users of the Paskuqan Park (what is
left from the public space) are relatively passive.
Furthermore, squares and roads do not seem to
provoke social cohesion, because of their structure,
their main function of mobility and accessibility
between different parts, their narrow or missing
sidewalks, the unsafety they offer etc. The area
speaks of a bad management of wastes and
potentials (resources) too. For example; the natural
lake of Paskuqan or the river of Tirana suffers from
waste and lack of maintenance, although they have
the opportunity to be a clear and real public space.
Primary activities are missing, so the functions that
take place are residential and rarely commercial
''
*''Illustrations: maps; sketches; short descriptive analyses''

<gallery caption= "Illustrations" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="3">

Image:Geomorfology of the site.jpg|Biogeograpy of the site
Image:existing_map.jpg|Stellite Map
Image:Tirana's Natural Boundaries.jpg|Tirana's Natural Boundaries
Image:Tirana_2004-07-14_-_Paskuqani aerial.jpg|Paskuqani lake aerial
Image:Study case area.jpg|Study case area
Image:Tirana rivers and lakes.jpg|Main river and lakes of the city
Image:Visualization_of_the_streets_and_urban_patterns.jpg|Street snd urban sprawl patterns
Image:Informal dwellings on the riverside.jpg|Informal dwellings on the riverside
Image:Paskuqani's lake north Tiana.jpg|Paskuqani's lake north Tiana
Image:Paskuqani's lake surroundings.jpg|Paskuqani's lake surroundings
Image:River of Tirana, bridge view 2.jpg|River of Tirana, bridge view 2
Image:River of Tirana, central bridge view 3.jpg|River of Tirana, central bridge view 3
Image:Strom-water inefficence.jpg|Strom-water inefficence
Image:Not functional grasslands near the river.jpg|Not functional grasslands near the river

</gallery>

== What are the overall objectives of your design? What are the specific objectives for enhancing green infrastrucutre? ==

'''
The general objectives of our design are:'''

*1. Enhance biodiversity
*2. Improve connectivity
*3. Create multifunctional green spaces
*4. Managing stormwater

'''Specific objectives to enhance green infrastructure: '''

*To enhance biodiversity we decided to:
* a. Restore the river to its natural condition. Remove beton banks and add riparian vegetations on the river shores.
* b. Connect the existing habitat network and propose new habitats like the wetlandand the creek connecting the wetland and the lake.This willimprove living species life conditins and also their mobility through green crridors.

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings" widths="300px" heights="180px" perrow="4">

Image:Tirana landuse and informal settlements.jpg|Tirana landuse and informal settlements
Image:SWOT STRENGTHS.jpg|SWOT analysis Strengths
Image:SWOT_weaknesses.jpg|SWOT weaknesses
Image:SWOT opportunities.jpg|SWOT opportunities
Image:SWOT threats.jpg|SWOT threats
Image:Potential parks of Tirana.jpg|Potential parks of Tirana

</gallery>

The green infrastructure of this site aims to . This action can be accomplished by removing
rubbish and improve waste management.
The result will be the encouragement of
-social interaction, constitution of opportunities, tourist‟s
attraction, introduction of activities and interventions
platforms along the riverside area.
''

== Potential for multifunctionality ==

'''Connectivity benefits:'''

1. Connection of people with the river /pedestrian paths

2. Connetion of the two sides of the rivers

3. With the future boulevard extension the north part of Tirana will become even more close to the centre and will connect it with the north park of

4. Good possibility for developing alternative transport system like tram and bicycle.

'''
Social benefits:'''

1. Multi-functional public facilites

2. Improved air quality and life quality

3. Increased recreational spaces

4. Public education

5. Community cohesion

''''''
Environmental benefits:''''''

1. Increased biodiversity

2. Habitat improvement

3. Green technologies in the water management

'''
'''
Economic benefits:''''''

1. Increased property value

2. More job opportunities in planning and executing the project

3. Reduced grey infrastructure cost ( almost 50 %)

4. Solar energy development because of sunny weather

5. Making agriculture fields a means of economic benefit

''

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
Image:Spatial concept.jpg|Spatial concept in 10-15 years_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Vision Mirsa.jpg|Projective Vision, , Mirsa Gishti
Image:Projecive drawing Paulina.jpg|Projective Vision, Paulina Nickl
Image:TIRANA RIVER PROJECTIVE SLIDE 3.jpg|Projective Vision, Nataly Montoya
Image:Vision Bahman.jpg|Projective Vision, Bahman Nahri
Image:Connectivity sections.jpg|Connectivity sections, Mirsa Gishti
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="7">
Image:Stormwater management copy.jpg|Stormwater management_Mirsa Gishti
Image:TIRANA RIVER SYNTHESIS- urban allotments.jpg|Urban allotments_Nataly Montoya
Image:Bicycle paths.jpg|Bicycle paths_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Biodiersity and habitats copy.jpg|Biodiersity and habitats connectivity_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Wetland copy.jpg| Multifunctionality and Wetland_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Beach and sport paulina.jpg| Recreation, Beach and sport_ Paulina Nickl
Image:Environment learning.jpg| Environmental Learning_Paulina Nickl
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

Reflecting our collaborative design process, this points mark clear what it means for us, and how we tried to handle it:

COMMUNICATION: As a team from all over the world, sometimes it was difficult for us to communicate. We managed it via Email and Skype. It was important to talk and not only chat by texting. Special in problem solving situations it was really helpful.

STRUCTURE: To manage the task, we decided to have a leader (Mirsa) who had the commando. We divided the project into different detail topics for each member to work on. So we had the possibility to get for the master plan four intensive worked out themes. Maybe for the next time we could add a more intensive project research, before working on the small topic. But all in all we worked effective and happy with our strategy.

MOTIVATION: The topic was new for three of us, but after talking and reading some research studies about Tirana River or Tirana Master Plan, we got into the project, too. Special because each of us was responsible for one topic, it was a good challenge to get motivated. Also combining the details in one master plan united us as a team.

SHARING: During the working process we get closed and learned about each other. Different levels and working experiences of the members caused an intensive communication how to deal with it. We think for all of us it was a good experience to share how to work, design, think about it in different ways and learn from each other.

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|image 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|image 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==

'''
INTERNET PAGES'''

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirana/ General data of the city]
* [http://issuu.com/mirsagishti/docs/portfolio_0-31_mirsa_gishti/ Extention of Tirana's Boulevard]
* [http://www.tirana.gov.al/ Regulatory Plan]
* [http://109.69.7.202/tiranagis/map.phtml/ Tirana-GIS database]
* [http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-aeDy7QskpeM/TXZGKYAvj1I/AAAAAAAAAI0/UBwEBKKSiG8/s1600/m001.jpg&imgrefurl=http://landscape-paskuqan2011.blogspot.com/2011/03/name2.html&h=796&w=1025&tbnid=b18Mwg6-q6HHgM&zoom=1&tbnh=198&tbnw=255&usg=__xT52oktkx2IxxfBjAZcHMcSt6kg=&docid=KXCJLncZ5XIzNM/ Terrain and existing roads map]
* [http://tirana09.blogspot.de/2009_05_01_archive.html/ Natural boundaries of Tirana]
* [http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamza#mediaviewer/File:Tirana_Albania_pano_2004-07-14_-_Kamza_part.jpg/ Aerial view]
* [http://iep-al.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=84:constructed-wetland-for-nutrient-reductions-in-the-waters-of-tirana-river&catid=40:water-management&Itemid=88/ Evironmental Policies]
* [http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=1442512/ Municipality Project approach-Presentations]
* [http://vizionplus.al/lumi-i-tiranes-ndotje-masive/ Pollution and waste degradation]
* [http://www.pmcg.co.me/NM7/Dako.pdf/ Pollution statistics]
* INSTAT,(2009):Albanian Institute Of Statistics, 2009 http://www.instat.gov.al/
* [http://www.ivb.cz/folia/57/1-2/042-050_MS1377.pdf/ Living species in Tirana lakes and Rivers]
* [http://www.academia.edu/4469113/RIPARIAN_VEGETATION_OF_TWO_SEMI-ARID_MEDITERRANEAN_RIVERS_BASIN-SCALE_RESPONSES_OF_WOODY_AND_HERBACEOUS_PLANTS_TO_ENVIRONMENTAL_GRADIENTS/ Riparian vegetation in Mediterranean rivers]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Albania/ Albanian native plants]
*[*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Albania/ Albanian native animals]
* http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Populus_nigra-bekes.jpg
* Google Earth Maps
* Existing Conditions [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GMrG8X6-uRg/TZDcB8uDXFI/AAAAAAAABLk/x3pyMRkyN18/s1600/DSC02224.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JXnML0UZ8wQ/TY-SjICM2eI/AAAAAAAABBw/sErrGJYlFqI/s1600/51.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k7cJn09dhFc/TY-S4ONgDbI/AAAAAAAABB4/rbtaILKA9ic/s1600/56.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-s5euh64zxUs/TY-fg77dX5I/AAAAAAAABCw/3O6GGbtXEyI/s1600/68.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bIbiV7ISCoU/TY-s2IHEWTI/AAAAAAAABFU/GxYa99tWBjs/s1600/115.jpg]
* http://www.epa.gov/oaintrnt/stormwater/best_practices.htm#bioretentioncells
* http://water.epa.gov/infrastructure/greeninfrastructure/index.cfm

'''OTHER'''
* Aliaj, B., Myftiu, G., Lulo, K. (2003): “Tirana, The Challenge of Urban Development”;Tirana: Cetis
* DAR AL-HANDASAH (shair and partners) (2012): “Tirana delivery report”;to the municipality of Tirana for the master-plan of Tirana
* GRIMSHAW(2012): “Building Tirana's Green Future Competition, Design Report”;to the municipality of Tirana for the master-plan of Tirana

'''PICTURES AND DETAILS SOURCES'''

*http://www.uncubemagazine.com/sixcms/media.php/1323/thumbnails/Section%2520through%2520proposed%2520Rio%2520Fucha-%2520with%2520bike%2520paths%2520and%2520wetlands.jpg.1424293.jpg
----
[[Category:Green Infrastructure 2014 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Green Infrastructure Design Group C

2015-01-26T15:20:40Z

Nicklp: /* Design Synthesis */

---> back to group page [[Green Infrastructure 2014 - Working Group C|working group C]]

'''''
Green/Blue Infrastructure of the urban area of the river of Tirana, ALBANIA
'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Green/blue infrastructure in north of Tirana''
|-
| '''Country''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Albania''
|-
| '''City''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tirana''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Mirsa Gishti, Bahman Nahri, Nataly Montoya, Paulina Nickl''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|[[File:River of Tirana.jpg|400px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|{{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=400
|height=200
|lat=41.35058978679405
|lng=19.803779075305215
|zoom=13
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Blue/green infrstructure-connecting the historic centre with the national park ==

''The river of Tirana is located between the historic centre and the National Park of the Paskuqani in northern part of the city. It is one of the 5 developing poles of the multicentric masterplan of the city approved in 2012. The population is expeted to increase during the next years, according to the demographic data and this fact makes the river`s zone a potential area of high density and multifunctionality in the future. The landscape is shaped mostly by natural and seminatural features like hills, the river and the park. Currently informal buildings, waste pollution and low mantainance of ecologic environment has become a very big problem to solve. It is an emergency to approach the future development of the area based on a well integrated green/blue infrastructure project since nothing has been done in this aspect and planning is always a better choice than improving when is too late.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

*''Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

''' Overview of the city '''

Tirana, the capital of Albania, is situated 40
kilometers from Durres, the largest port in the
country and 26 km from Mother Theresa
International Airport. It is the largest city, with an
increasing population, with an average annual
growth rate of 3.77% from 2001–2009 (INSTAT,
2009). The faster urbanization influences the city's
development, the living environment and the socioeconomic
situation.Tirana has the opportunity to be regenerated
itself after a long term of isolation.
Exists a lot of informality in the northpart of the city,
but this informality is supposed to be the shelter for
those persons who live there.

[[Image:Historical evolution.jpg|right|430px|]]

----

'''Biogeography of the area'''

Tirana‟s contact with water is concretized in two
lakes (one in north and the other in south) and two
rivers (Tirana River and Lana River) that run parallel
to each other, between the two lakes. The actual
condition of the Tirana River waterfront is weak and
the regeneration of it is an important issue for the
development of the city.

Its north-south axis, which eventually corresponds
to the main boulevard of the city, serves as a
connector between the lakes and the rivers.
Existing general land use of the area
under study and identification of the water surfaces
of Tirana city. (Source: GrimShaw analysis and Dar
analysis for Tirana Masterplan 2012)
“Tirana in the XVI century was defined by a
building mosque, a hammam and a bakery,” (Aliaj,
Myftiu & Lulo, 2003). So, water was not the most
important factor in the foundation of the city, but it
was one of the natural resources affecting the
growth of its early settlements and melding its
future. In the actual situation, there do exist a close
relationship between the water and the city.
Like other natural elements (Dajti Mountain, hills,
agriculture etc.) water influences the urban
development and the stratum of the urban fabric.

The urbanization process happens on
both sides of the Lana and Tirana River, around
lakes. Tirana‟s green regions are strengthened by
the topography besieging the urban superficies, the
streets, the habitation areas etc. The source of Tirana River is in the mountains to
the east. It flows to west through the northern area
of the city. In the mountains, it flows through the
protected area of Dajti Mountain, providing an
ecological corridor, through which wildlife can
extend and survive. Its estuary is 30-40 km to the
north-west at Rodon Bay, on the Adriatic coast. The
topography of Tirana from east to west is
nearly 1% slope. The existing natural movement
results fast during periods of rainfall, which
combined with coarse sand and cobbles by the
mountains located close, becomes a destructive
force.

----

After the centralized society dropped to the market
economy in the ‟90s, Tirana, as many other postsocialist
cities of Europe, experienced an extensive
growth by the congestion of the new population that
settled in the periphery of it, which was not well
incorporated into the urban life of the city.
This decentralized action induced spontaneous
settlement by the citizens, with their own resources,
the same as it did in different places of the world,
including Bogota, Bombay, Caracas etc., which
suffer from a high percentage of informality. In
Tirana, the social and spatial pattern viewpoint of
the phenomena is little investigated.

----

The informal settlements (Kamza, Bathore and
Paskuqan, the three major informal housing
settlements around Tirana, with over 90% of the
dwellings constructed illegally), grew mainly in the
early 2000, in suspicious and poor conditions. This
gave birth to an “informal city”, which was not
acknowledged by the authorities, a self-made
structure by rural immigrants which saw Tirana as a
better opportunity for their familiar and future life.
This city grew without planning control, creating a
spatial and cultural disconnection with the existing
urban situation. The consolidation of the “selfadding-
process” raises the problems of social injury
which needs to be resolved. The sustainable
development of these areas, the integration and
consolidation need a better understanding of these
problems, to go to the final solutions. “The
segregation involves spatial separation of
population groups and spatial separation reduces
interaction among groups over space” (Newby,
1982).

----

'''The existing condition of the Tirana river waterfront'''
One of these informal areas is that of the North
Tirana (Tirana River area near Paskuqan). The
current ecological situation of the urban Tirana River
demonstrates waterways and aquifers, poor waste
management, contaminated land, deforestation and
sporadic urbanization. Ecologically it is poor. As the
European and world's experience shows, many of
the nowadays healthy river waterfronts, were
polluted in the past, so the chances for reversing the
natural state are high.
“The peculiarity of Tirana stands in the fact that
post-socialist socio-spatial transformations are
better defined by Balkanization (implying
individuality and hostility) rather than segregation
(which implies clustering)” (Nase, Ocakçi. 2010).
The public space is missing, as it is made property
of the individuals which are settled in the area,
property of each one alone, not along with the
others. These individuals are interested in what
evolves inside the fence of their houses and feel like
lose character outside these borders. This kind of
mentality makes citizens of this area distinguish by
a special lifestyle, but not necessarily by good life
quality. The rejection of sharing space with others
leads to lack of social life, parks, recreational areas
etc.. Currently, users of the Paskuqan Park (what is
left from the public space) are relatively passive.
Furthermore, squares and roads do not seem to
provoke social cohesion, because of their structure,
their main function of mobility and accessibility
between different parts, their narrow or missing
sidewalks, the unsafety they offer etc. The area
speaks of a bad management of wastes and
potentials (resources) too. For example; the natural
lake of Paskuqan or the river of Tirana suffers from
waste and lack of maintenance, although they have
the opportunity to be a clear and real public space.
Primary activities are missing, so the functions that
take place are residential and rarely commercial
''
*''Illustrations: maps; sketches; short descriptive analyses''

<gallery caption= "Illustrations" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="3">

Image:Geomorfology of the site.jpg|Biogeograpy of the site
Image:existing_map.jpg|Stellite Map
Image:Tirana's Natural Boundaries.jpg|Tirana's Natural Boundaries
Image:Tirana_2004-07-14_-_Paskuqani aerial.jpg|Paskuqani lake aerial
Image:Study case area.jpg|Study case area
Image:Tirana rivers and lakes.jpg|Main river and lakes of the city
Image:Visualization_of_the_streets_and_urban_patterns.jpg|Street snd urban sprawl patterns
Image:Informal dwellings on the riverside.jpg|Informal dwellings on the riverside
Image:Paskuqani's lake north Tiana.jpg|Paskuqani's lake north Tiana
Image:Paskuqani's lake surroundings.jpg|Paskuqani's lake surroundings
Image:River of Tirana, bridge view 2.jpg|River of Tirana, bridge view 2
Image:River of Tirana, central bridge view 3.jpg|River of Tirana, central bridge view 3
Image:Strom-water inefficence.jpg|Strom-water inefficence
Image:Not functional grasslands near the river.jpg|Not functional grasslands near the river

</gallery>

== What are the overall objectives of your design? What are the specific objectives for enhancing green infrastrucutre? ==

'''
The general objectives of our design are:'''

*1. Enhance biodiversity
*2. Improve connectivity
*3. Create multifunctional green spaces
*4. Managing stormwater

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings" widths="300px" heights="180px" perrow="4">

Image:Tirana landuse and informal settlements.jpg|Tirana landuse and informal settlements
Image:SWOT STRENGTHS.jpg|SWOT analysis Strengths
Image:SWOT_weaknesses.jpg|SWOT weaknesses
Image:SWOT opportunities.jpg|SWOT opportunities
Image:SWOT threats.jpg|SWOT threats
Image:Potential parks of Tirana.jpg|Potential parks of Tirana

</gallery>

== Green Infrastructure benefits for this site ==
''Look again at the multiple benefits of green infrastructure - what could be achieved in your site and which are most relevant

The green infrastructure of this site aims to “restore” the river to its
condition of natural value and texture. This action can be accomplished by removing
rubbish and improve waste management.
The result will be the encouragement of
-social interaction, constitution of opportunities, tourist‟s
attraction, introduction of activities and interventions
platforms along the riverside area.
''

== Potential for multifunctionality ==

'''Connectivity benefits:'''

1. Connection of people with the river /pedestrian paths

2. Connetion of the two sides of the rivers

3. With the future boulevard extension the north part of Tirana will become even more close to the centre and will connect it with the north park of

4. Good possibility for developing alternative transport system like tram and bicycle.

'''
Social benefits:'''

1. Multi-functional public facilites

2. Improved air quality and life quality

3. Increased recreational spaces

4. Public education

5. Community cohesion

''''''
Environmental benefits:''''''

1. Increased biodiversity

2. Habitat improvement

3. Green technologies in the water management

'''
'''
Economic benefits:''''''

1. Increased property value

2. More job opportunities in planning and executing the project

3. Reduced grey infrastructure cost ( almost 50 %)

4. Solar energy development because of sunny weather

5. Making agriculture fields a means of economic benefit

''

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
Image:Spatial concept.jpg|Spatial concept in 10-15 years_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Vision Mirsa.jpg|Projective Vision, , Mirsa Gishti
Image:Projecive drawing Paulina.jpg|Projective Vision, Paulina Nickl
Image:TIRANA RIVER PROJECTIVE SLIDE 3.jpg|Projective Vision, Nataly Montoya
Image:Vision Bahman.jpg|Projective Vision, Bahman Nahri
Image:Connectivity sections.jpg|Connectivity sections, Mirsa Gishti
</gallery>

[[File:Example.jpg]]== Design Synthesis ==

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="7">
Image:Stormwater management copy.jpg|Stormwater management_Mirsa Gishti
Image:TIRANA RIVER SYNTHESIS- urban allotments.jpg|Urban allotments_Nataly Montoya
Image:Bicycle paths.jpg|Bicycle paths_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Biodiersity and habitats copy.jpg|Biodiersity and habitats connectivity_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Wetland copy.jpg| Multifunctionality and Wetland_Mirsa Gishti
Image:Beach and sport paulina.jpg| Recreation, Beach and sport_ Paulina Nickl
Image:Environment learning.jpg| Environmental Learning_Paulina Nickl
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

Reflecting our collaborative design process, this points mark clear what it means for us, and how we tried to handle it:

COMMUNICATION: As a team from all over the world, sometimes it was difficult for us to communicate. We managed it via Email and Skype. It was important to talk and not only chat by texting. Special in problem solving situations it was really helpful.

STRUCTURE: To manage the task, we decided to have a leader (Mirsa) who had the commando. We divided the project into different detail topics for each member to work on. So we had the possibility to get for the master plan four intensive worked out themes. Maybe for the next time we could add a more intensive project research, before working on the small topic. But all in all we worked effective and happy with our strategy.

MOTIVATION: The topic was new for three of us, but after talking and reading some research studies about Tirana River or Tirana Master Plan, we got into the project, too. Special because each of us was responsible for one topic, it was a good challenge to get motivated. Also combining the details in one master plan united us as a team.

SHARING: During the working process we get closed and learned about each other. Different levels and working experiences of the members caused an intensive communication how to deal with it. We think for all of us it was a good experience to share how to work, design, think about it in different ways and learn from each other.

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|image 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|image 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==

'''
INTERNET PAGES'''

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirana/ General data of the city]
* [http://issuu.com/mirsagishti/docs/portfolio_0-31_mirsa_gishti/ Extention of Tirana's Boulevard]
* [http://www.tirana.gov.al/ Regulatory Plan]
* [http://109.69.7.202/tiranagis/map.phtml/ Tirana-GIS database]
* [http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-aeDy7QskpeM/TXZGKYAvj1I/AAAAAAAAAI0/UBwEBKKSiG8/s1600/m001.jpg&imgrefurl=http://landscape-paskuqan2011.blogspot.com/2011/03/name2.html&h=796&w=1025&tbnid=b18Mwg6-q6HHgM&zoom=1&tbnh=198&tbnw=255&usg=__xT52oktkx2IxxfBjAZcHMcSt6kg=&docid=KXCJLncZ5XIzNM/ Terrain and existing roads map]
* [http://tirana09.blogspot.de/2009_05_01_archive.html/ Natural boundaries of Tirana]
* [http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamza#mediaviewer/File:Tirana_Albania_pano_2004-07-14_-_Kamza_part.jpg/ Aerial view]
* [http://iep-al.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=84:constructed-wetland-for-nutrient-reductions-in-the-waters-of-tirana-river&catid=40:water-management&Itemid=88/ Evironmental Policies]
* [http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=1442512/ Municipality Project approach-Presentations]
* [http://vizionplus.al/lumi-i-tiranes-ndotje-masive/ Pollution and waste degradation]
* [http://www.pmcg.co.me/NM7/Dako.pdf/ Pollution statistics]
* INSTAT,(2009):Albanian Institute Of Statistics, 2009 http://www.instat.gov.al/
* [http://www.ivb.cz/folia/57/1-2/042-050_MS1377.pdf/ Living species in Tirana lakes and Rivers]
* [http://www.academia.edu/4469113/RIPARIAN_VEGETATION_OF_TWO_SEMI-ARID_MEDITERRANEAN_RIVERS_BASIN-SCALE_RESPONSES_OF_WOODY_AND_HERBACEOUS_PLANTS_TO_ENVIRONMENTAL_GRADIENTS/ Riparian vegetation in Mediterranean rivers]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Albania/ Albanian native plants]
*[*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Albania/ Albanian native animals]
* http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Populus_nigra-bekes.jpg
* Google Earth Maps
* Existing Conditions [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GMrG8X6-uRg/TZDcB8uDXFI/AAAAAAAABLk/x3pyMRkyN18/s1600/DSC02224.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JXnML0UZ8wQ/TY-SjICM2eI/AAAAAAAABBw/sErrGJYlFqI/s1600/51.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k7cJn09dhFc/TY-S4ONgDbI/AAAAAAAABB4/rbtaILKA9ic/s1600/56.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-s5euh64zxUs/TY-fg77dX5I/AAAAAAAABCw/3O6GGbtXEyI/s1600/68.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bIbiV7ISCoU/TY-s2IHEWTI/AAAAAAAABFU/GxYa99tWBjs/s1600/115.jpg]
* http://www.epa.gov/oaintrnt/stormwater/best_practices.htm#bioretentioncells
* http://water.epa.gov/infrastructure/greeninfrastructure/index.cfm

'''OTHER'''
* Aliaj, B., Myftiu, G., Lulo, K. (2003): “Tirana, The Challenge of Urban Development”;Tirana: Cetis
* DAR AL-HANDASAH (shair and partners) (2012): “Tirana delivery report”;to the municipality of Tirana for the master-plan of Tirana
* GRIMSHAW(2012): “Building Tirana's Green Future Competition, Design Report”;to the municipality of Tirana for the master-plan of Tirana

'''PICTURES AND DETAILS SOURCES'''

*http://www.uncubemagazine.com/sixcms/media.php/1323/thumbnails/Section%2520through%2520proposed%2520Rio%2520Fucha-%2520with%2520bike%2520paths%2520and%2520wetlands.jpg.1424293.jpg
----
[[Category:Green Infrastructure 2014 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Green Infrastructure Design Group C

2015-01-25T21:53:51Z

Nicklp: /* Summary of the collaborative process */

---> back to group page [[Green Infrastructure 2014 - Working Group C|working group C]]

'''''
Green/Blue Infrastructure of the urban area of the river of Tirana, ALBANIA
'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Green/blue infrastructure in north of Tirana''
|-
| '''Country''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Albania''
|-
| '''City''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Tirana''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Mirsa Gishti, Bahman Nahri, Nataly Montoya, Paulina Nickl''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|[[File:River of Tirana.jpg|400px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|{{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=400
|height=200
|lat=41.35058978679405
|lng=19.803779075305215
|zoom=13
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Blue/green infrstructure-connecting the historic centre with the national park ==

''The river of Tirana is located between the historic centre and the National Park of the Paskuqani in northern part of the city. It is one of the 5 developing poles of the multicentric masterplan of the city approved in 2012. The population is expeted to increase during the next years, according to the demographic data and this fact makes the river`s zone a potential area of high density and multifunctionality in the future. The landscape is shaped mostly by natural and seminatural features like hills, the river and the park. Currently informal buildings, waste pollution and low mantainance of ecologic environment has become a very big problem to solve. It is an emergency to approach the future development of the area based on a well integrated green/blue infrastructure project since nothing has been done in this aspect and planning is always a better choice than improving when is too late.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

*''Biogeography, cultural features, overall character, history and dynamics

''' Overview of the city '''

Tirana, the capital of Albania, is situated 40
kilometers from Durres, the largest port in the
country and 26 km from Mother Theresa
International Airport. It is the largest city, with an
increasing population, with an average annual
growth rate of 3.77% from 2001–2009 (INSTAT,
2009). The faster urbanization influences the city's
development, the living environment and the socioeconomic
situation.Tirana has the opportunity to be regenerated
itself after a long term of isolation.
Exists a lot of informality in the northpart of the city,
but this informality is supposed to be the shelter for
those persons who live there.

[[Image:Historical evolution.jpg|right|430px|]]

----

'''Biogeography of the area'''

Tirana‟s contact with water is concretized in two
lakes (one in north and the other in south) and two
rivers (Tirana River and Lana River) that run parallel
to each other, between the two lakes. The actual
condition of the Tirana River waterfront is weak and
the regeneration of it is an important issue for the
development of the city.

Its north-south axis, which eventually corresponds
to the main boulevard of the city, serves as a
connector between the lakes and the rivers.
Existing general land use of the area
under study and identification of the water surfaces
of Tirana city. (Source: GrimShaw analysis and Dar
analysis for Tirana Masterplan 2012)
“Tirana in the XVI century was defined by a
building mosque, a hammam and a bakery,” (Aliaj,
Myftiu & Lulo, 2003). So, water was not the most
important factor in the foundation of the city, but it
was one of the natural resources affecting the
growth of its early settlements and melding its
future. In the actual situation, there do exist a close
relationship between the water and the city.
Like other natural elements (Dajti Mountain, hills,
agriculture etc.) water influences the urban
development and the stratum of the urban fabric.

The urbanization process happens on
both sides of the Lana and Tirana River, around
lakes. Tirana‟s green regions are strengthened by
the topography besieging the urban superficies, the
streets, the habitation areas etc. The source of Tirana River is in the mountains to
the east. It flows to west through the northern area
of the city. In the mountains, it flows through the
protected area of Dajti Mountain, providing an
ecological corridor, through which wildlife can
extend and survive. Its estuary is 30-40 km to the
north-west at Rodon Bay, on the Adriatic coast. The
topography of Tirana from east to west is
nearly 1% slope. The existing natural movement
results fast during periods of rainfall, which
combined with coarse sand and cobbles by the
mountains located close, becomes a destructive
force.

----

After the centralized society dropped to the market
economy in the ‟90s, Tirana, as many other postsocialist
cities of Europe, experienced an extensive
growth by the congestion of the new population that
settled in the periphery of it, which was not well
incorporated into the urban life of the city.
This decentralized action induced spontaneous
settlement by the citizens, with their own resources,
the same as it did in different places of the world,
including Bogota, Bombay, Caracas etc., which
suffer from a high percentage of informality. In
Tirana, the social and spatial pattern viewpoint of
the phenomena is little investigated.

----

The informal settlements (Kamza, Bathore and
Paskuqan, the three major informal housing
settlements around Tirana, with over 90% of the
dwellings constructed illegally), grew mainly in the
early 2000, in suspicious and poor conditions. This
gave birth to an “informal city”, which was not
acknowledged by the authorities, a self-made
structure by rural immigrants which saw Tirana as a
better opportunity for their familiar and future life.
This city grew without planning control, creating a
spatial and cultural disconnection with the existing
urban situation. The consolidation of the “selfadding-
process” raises the problems of social injury
which needs to be resolved. The sustainable
development of these areas, the integration and
consolidation need a better understanding of these
problems, to go to the final solutions. “The
segregation involves spatial separation of
population groups and spatial separation reduces
interaction among groups over space” (Newby,
1982).

----

'''The existing condition of the Tirana river waterfront'''
One of these informal areas is that of the North
Tirana (Tirana River area near Paskuqan). The
current ecological situation of the urban Tirana River
demonstrates waterways and aquifers, poor waste
management, contaminated land, deforestation and
sporadic urbanization. Ecologically it is poor. As the
European and world's experience shows, many of
the nowadays healthy river waterfronts, were
polluted in the past, so the chances for reversing the
natural state are high.
“The peculiarity of Tirana stands in the fact that
post-socialist socio-spatial transformations are
better defined by Balkanization (implying
individuality and hostility) rather than segregation
(which implies clustering)” (Nase, Ocakçi. 2010).
The public space is missing, as it is made property
of the individuals which are settled in the area,
property of each one alone, not along with the
others. These individuals are interested in what
evolves inside the fence of their houses and feel like
lose character outside these borders. This kind of
mentality makes citizens of this area distinguish by
a special lifestyle, but not necessarily by good life
quality. The rejection of sharing space with others
leads to lack of social life, parks, recreational areas
etc.. Currently, users of the Paskuqan Park (what is
left from the public space) are relatively passive.
Furthermore, squares and roads do not seem to
provoke social cohesion, because of their structure,
their main function of mobility and accessibility
between different parts, their narrow or missing
sidewalks, the unsafety they offer etc. The area
speaks of a bad management of wastes and
potentials (resources) too. For example; the natural
lake of Paskuqan or the river of Tirana suffers from
waste and lack of maintenance, although they have
the opportunity to be a clear and real public space.
Primary activities are missing, so the functions that
take place are residential and rarely commercial
''
*''Illustrations: maps; sketches; short descriptive analyses''

<gallery caption= "Illustrations" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="3">

Image:Geomorfology of the site.jpg|Biogeograpy of the site
Image:existing_map.jpg|Stellite Map
Image:Tirana's Natural Boundaries.jpg|Tirana's Natural Boundaries
Image:Tirana_2004-07-14_-_Paskuqani aerial.jpg|Paskuqani lake aerial
Image:Study case area.jpg|Study case area
Image:Tirana rivers and lakes.jpg|Main river and lakes of the city
Image:Visualization_of_the_streets_and_urban_patterns.jpg|Street snd urban sprawl patterns
Image:Informal dwellings on the riverside.jpg|Informal dwellings on the riverside
Image:Paskuqani's lake north Tiana.jpg|Paskuqani's lake north Tiana
Image:Paskuqani's lake surroundings.jpg|Paskuqani's lake surroundings
Image:River of Tirana, bridge view 2.jpg|River of Tirana, bridge view 2
Image:River of Tirana, central bridge view 3.jpg|River of Tirana, central bridge view 3
Image:Strom-water inefficence.jpg|Strom-water inefficence
Image:Not functional grasslands near the river.jpg|Not functional grasslands near the river

</gallery>

== What are the overall objectives of your design? What are the specific objectives for enhancing green infrastrucutre? ==

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings" widths="300px" heights="180px" perrow="4">

Image:Tirana landuse and informal settlements.jpg|Tirana landuse and informal settlements
Image:SWOT STRENGTHS.jpg|SWOT analysis Strengths
Image:SWOT_weaknesses.jpg|SWOT weaknesses
Image:SWOT opportunities.jpg|SWOT opportunities
Image:SWOT threats.jpg|SWOT threats
Image:Potential parks of Tirana.jpg|Potential parks of Tirana

</gallery>

== Green Infrastructure benefits for this site ==
''Look again at the multiple benefits of green infrastructure - what could be achieved in your site and which are most relevant

The green infrastructure of this site aims to “restore” the river to its
condition of natural value and texture. This action can be accomplished by removing
rubbish and improve waste management.
The result will be the encouragement of
-social interaction, constitution of opportunities, tourist‟s
attraction, introduction of activities and interventions
platforms along the riverside area.
''

== Potential for multifunctionality ==

The result will come with:

'''Connectivity benefits:'''

1. Connection of people with the river /pedestrian paths

2. Connetion of the two sides of the rivers

3. With the future boulevard extension the north part of Tirana will become even more close to the centre and will connect it with the north park of

4. Good possibility for developing alternative transport system like tram and bicycle.

'''
Social benefits:'''

1. Multi-functional public facilites

2. Improved air quality and life quality

3. Increased recreational spaces

4. Public education

5. Community cohesion

''''''
Environmental benefits:''''''

1. Increased biodiversity

2. Habitat improvement

3. Green technologies in the water management

'''
'''
Economic benefits:''''''

1. Increased property value

2. More job opportunities in planning and executing the project

3. Reduced grey infrastructure cost ( almost 50 %)

4. Solar energy development because of sunny weather

5. Making agriculture fields a means of economic benefit

''

== Projective drawings ==
* ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

* ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings" widths="300px" heights="200px" perrow="4">
Image:Spatial concept.jpg|Spatial concept in 10-15 years
Image:Vision Mirsa.jpg|Projective Vision, , Mirsa Gishti
Image:Projecive drawing Paulina.jpg|Projective Vision, Paulina Nickl
Image:TIRANA RIVER PROJECTIVE SLIDE 3.jpg|Projective Vision, Nataly Montoya
Image:Connectivity sections.jpg|Connectivity sections, Mirsa Gishti
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|synthesis drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

Reflecting our collaborative design process, this points mark clear what it means for us, and how we tried to handle it:

COMMUNICATION: As a team from all over the world, sometimes it was difficult for us to communicate. We managed it via Email and Skype. It was important to talk and not only chat by texting. Special in problem solving situations it was really helpful.

STRUCTURE: To manage the task, we decided to have a leader (Mirsa) who had the commando. We divided the project into different detail topics for each member to work on. So we had the possibility to get for the master plan four intensive worked out themes. Maybe for the next time we could add a more intensive project research, before working on the small topic. But all in all we worked effective and happy with our strategy.

MOTIVATION: The topic was new for three of us, but after talking and reading some research studies about Tirana River or Tirana Master Plan, we got into the project, too. Special because each of us was responsible for one topic, it was a good challenge to get motivated. Also combining the details in one master plan united us as a team.

SHARING: During the working process we get closed and learned about each other. Different levels and working experiences of the members caused an intensive communication how to deal with it. We think for all of us it was a good experience to share how to work, design, think about it in different ways and learn from each other.

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|image 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|image 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==

'''
INTERNET PAGES'''

* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tirana/ General data of the city]
* [http://issuu.com/mirsagishti/docs/portfolio_0-31_mirsa_gishti/ Extention of Tirana's Boulevard]
* [http://www.tirana.gov.al/ Regulatory Plan]
* [http://109.69.7.202/tiranagis/map.phtml/ Tirana-GIS database]
* [http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-aeDy7QskpeM/TXZGKYAvj1I/AAAAAAAAAI0/UBwEBKKSiG8/s1600/m001.jpg&imgrefurl=http://landscape-paskuqan2011.blogspot.com/2011/03/name2.html&h=796&w=1025&tbnid=b18Mwg6-q6HHgM&zoom=1&tbnh=198&tbnw=255&usg=__xT52oktkx2IxxfBjAZcHMcSt6kg=&docid=KXCJLncZ5XIzNM/ Terrain and existing roads map]
* [http://tirana09.blogspot.de/2009_05_01_archive.html/ Natural boundaries of Tirana]
* [http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamza#mediaviewer/File:Tirana_Albania_pano_2004-07-14_-_Kamza_part.jpg/ Aerial view]
* [http://iep-al.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=84:constructed-wetland-for-nutrient-reductions-in-the-waters-of-tirana-river&catid=40:water-management&Itemid=88/ Evironmental Policies]
* [http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=1442512/ Municipality Project approach-Presentations]
* [http://vizionplus.al/lumi-i-tiranes-ndotje-masive/ Pollution and waste degradation]
* [http://www.pmcg.co.me/NM7/Dako.pdf/ Pollution statistics]
* INSTAT,(2009):Albanian Institute Of Statistics, 2009 http://www.instat.gov.al/
* [http://www.ivb.cz/folia/57/1-2/042-050_MS1377.pdf/ Living species in Tirana lakes and Rivers]
* Google Earth Maps
* Existing Conditions [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-GMrG8X6-uRg/TZDcB8uDXFI/AAAAAAAABLk/x3pyMRkyN18/s1600/DSC02224.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JXnML0UZ8wQ/TY-SjICM2eI/AAAAAAAABBw/sErrGJYlFqI/s1600/51.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k7cJn09dhFc/TY-S4ONgDbI/AAAAAAAABB4/rbtaILKA9ic/s1600/56.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-s5euh64zxUs/TY-fg77dX5I/AAAAAAAABCw/3O6GGbtXEyI/s1600/68.jpg]
* Existing Conditions [http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-bIbiV7ISCoU/TY-s2IHEWTI/AAAAAAAABFU/GxYa99tWBjs/s1600/115.jpg]
* http://www.epa.gov/oaintrnt/stormwater/best_practices.htm#bioretentioncells
* http://water.epa.gov/infrastructure/greeninfrastructure/index.cfm

'''OTHER'''
* Aliaj, B., Myftiu, G., Lulo, K. (2003): “Tirana, The Challenge of Urban Development”;Tirana: Cetis
* DAR AL-HANDASAH (shair and partners) (2012): “Tirana delivery report”;to the municipality of Tirana for the master-plan of Tirana
* GRIMSHAW(2012): “Building Tirana's Green Future Competition, Design Report”;to the municipality of Tirana for the master-plan of Tirana

----
[[Category:Green Infrastructure 2014 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:31:34Z

Nicklp: /* Landscape and/or urban context of your case */

---> back to group page [[Green_Infrastructure_2014_-_Working_Group_C|working group C]]

'''''please add your title here'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' name of the site''
|-
| '''Country''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Germany''
|-
| '''City''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Munich''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Paulina Nickl''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[File:Dummy.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|{{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=240
|lat=38.6964006
|lng=1.4531355000000303
|zoom=10
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==
Munich city has in my eyes a excellent grey and green infrastructure system. Every year a lot of money is spent in building new living area and also green structure in between. Nevertheless there are some places there are still wasteland and also highly coverted by different groups. One of this is the Pasinger Gleisdreieck located in a part of Munich called Pasing. It is a wasteland, which has a triangle form, closed on two sides by the trail lines and open just from the western part. This may be the reason why the land is a biotope for the nature and not so frequently used by the humans. What use can be find for this peace of land? Sell the ground to build new apartment complexes, fight for a natural reserve area in this part because of the rarely plants inside and for animals like birds breeding places. or keeping it as park or skate park for the kids?

== Author's perspective ==
Munich is the city I grow up in. Specially during the last years I spent a lot of time in this area watching the development of compression of the city. I have a bachelor degree in Anthropology and some experiences in Architecture from helping my father in his architecture office.

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

Munich is the third biggest city in Germany located in the south. With 1.4 Mio inhabitants and an area of about 310 km2, Munich has to organize the amount of people in a smaller area like other big cities in Germany (for example Hamburg has 1.7 Mio inhabitants in an area of about 755 km2). Munich has to handle a lot of inhabitants, but also want to be a green city. Munich has one of the biggest parks the English garden, but in total it has just about 7,5 % green space.

Munich is located near the alp mountain. During the ice age in the area was a end of glacier tongue. This is the reason for the ground consistence of gravel and sometimes high ground water level.

With more than 850 years, Munich has an old history. Located at the Isar river it became a big city since the middle ages because of the salt trade. During the second World War big parts of Munich were destroyed. Munich decided to reconstruct the buildings and not to build than in a new modern style. So today Munich has a beautiful reconstructed old city. They also decided to stop high buildings, so in the inner part of the city it is not allowed to construct buildings higher than 4/ 5 stories. On a view over Munich you will enjoy the wide view were just some church towers stack out of the normal roof level. If you think about the problem with the high amount of inhabitants it might be also a problem that it is not allowed to build higher apartment houses with more apartments in it.

To handle the problem with the increasing amount of inhabitants, the city builds new living complexes in the surrounding of Munich on the one hand. This is more easy because the ground is not that expensive like in the inner city and buildings can have more than 5 stories. On the other hand the ground in the inner city gets more expensive. Small houses or useless wasteland has to move for expensive apartment buildings. This phenomena of compression is in my eyes very interesting and worth to debate.
Do compression reduce the quality of life in the cities? How is compression compatible with green space and green infrastructure? Has a city any possibilities to form the growth? And if is it important that cities have to increase that fast?

The Pasinger Gleisdreieck is one example for this debate. It was some years the aim of different parties. First some short overview information about Pasing.
Pasing was until 1938 an independent city, and today one western part of Munich. It is integrated with train, bus, tram und metro. The rents of the apartments are not too expensive to live and via metro it is located still near the city centre. So Pasing is an interesting place to live or to invest in. The Pasinger Gleisdreieck is like a overlooked place. The wasteland is located between two train rail ways. On the north the S8 on the oest/ south the S6.

2010 two big concerns build big shopping complexes on one western part of the area, Obi and Metro. The environmental authority was really sad, because of the rare plants and the failed plan of a nature reserve. But there are still about two thirds free land. In The last years there were different ideas how to handle with the land. I would like concentrate my case studies on the favoured idea: to create a mixed park: green space for citizen, skate park and nature biotope reserve.

*''Illustrations: maps; sketches; short descriptive analyses''

<gallery caption= "Illustrations" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
</gallery>

== Analytical drawings ==
*''Please use analytical drawing for visualising the conflicts/potentials of your site''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
</gallery>

== Green Infrastructure benefits for this site ==
''Look again at the multiple benefits of green infrastructure - what could be achieved in your site and which are most relevant?''

== Potential for multifunctionality ==
''Green infrastructure has typically multiple functions. What could be achieved for your site in this respect?''

== Projective drawings ==
* ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

* ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
*''100 words approx.''

== Image Gallery ==
''Please add further images/photos here''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
</gallery>

== References ==

*''please add your references here''

----
[[Category:Green Infrastructure 2014 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:30:21Z

Nicklp: /* Landscape and/or urban context of your case */

---> back to group page [[Green_Infrastructure_2014_-_Working_Group_C|working group C]]

'''''please add your title here'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' name of the site''
|-
| '''Country''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Germany''
|-
| '''City''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Munich''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Paulina Nickl''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[File:Dummy.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|{{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=240
|lat=38.6964006
|lng=1.4531355000000303
|zoom=10
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==
Munich city has in my eyes a excellent grey and green infrastructure system. Every year a lot of money is spent in building new living area and also green structure in between. Nevertheless there are some places there are still wasteland and also highly coverted by different groups. One of this is the Pasinger Gleisdreieck located in a part of Munich called Pasing. It is a wasteland, which has a triangle form, closed on two sides by the trail lines and open just from the western part. This may be the reason why the land is a biotope for the nature and not so frequently used by the humans. What use can be find for this peace of land? Sell the ground to build new apartment complexes, fight for a natural reserve area in this part because of the rarely plants inside and for animals like birds breeding places. or keeping it as park or skate park for the kids?

== Author's perspective ==
Munich is the city I grow up in. Specially during the last years I spent a lot of time in this area watching the development of compression of the city. I have a bachelor degree in Anthropology and some experiences in Architecture from helping my father in his architecture office.

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

Munich is the third biggest city in Germany located in the south. With 1.4 Mio inhabitants and an area of about 310 km2, Munich has to organize the amount of people in a smaller area like other big cities in Germany (for example Hamburg has 1.7 Mio inhabitants in an area of about 755 km2). Munich has to handle a lot of inhabitants, but also want to be a green city. Munich has one of the biggest parks the English garden, but in total it has just about 7,5 % green space.

Munich is located near the alp mountain. During the ice age in the area was a end of glacier tongue. This is the reason for the ground consistence of gravel and sometimes high ground water level.

With more than 850 years, Munich has an old history. Located at the Isar river it became a big city since the middle ages because of the salt trade. During the second World War big parts of Munich were destroyed. Munich decided to reconstruct the buildings and not to build than in a new modern style. So today Munich has a beautiful reconstructed old city. They also decided to stop high buildings, so in the inner part of the city it is not allowed to construct buildings higher than 4/ 5 stories. On a view over Munich you will enjoy the wide view were just some church towers stack out of the normal roof level. If you think about the problem with the high amount of inhabitants it might be also a problem that it is not allowed to build higher apartment houses with more apartments in it.

The Pasinger Gleisdreieck is one example for this debate. It was some years the aim of different parties. First some short overview information about Pasing.
Pasing was until 1938 an independent city, and today one western part of Munich. It is integrated with train, bus, tram und metro. The rents of the apartments are not too expensive to live and via metro it is located still near the city centre. So Pasing is an interesting place to live or to invest in. The Pasinger Gleisdreieck is like a overlooked place. The wasteland is located between two train rail ways. On the north the S8 on the oest/ south the S6.

2010 two big concerns build big shopping complexes on one western part of the area, Obi and Metro. The environmental authority was really sad, because of the rare plants and the failed plan of a nature reserve. But there are still about two thirds free land. In The last years there were different ideas how to handle with the land. I would like concentrate my case studies on the favoured idea: to create a mixed park: green space for citizen, skate park and nature biotope reserve.

*''Illustrations: maps; sketches; short descriptive analyses''

<gallery caption= "Illustrations" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
</gallery>

== Analytical drawings ==
*''Please use analytical drawing for visualising the conflicts/potentials of your site''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
</gallery>

== Green Infrastructure benefits for this site ==
''Look again at the multiple benefits of green infrastructure - what could be achieved in your site and which are most relevant?''

== Potential for multifunctionality ==
''Green infrastructure has typically multiple functions. What could be achieved for your site in this respect?''

== Projective drawings ==
* ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

* ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
*''100 words approx.''

== Image Gallery ==
''Please add further images/photos here''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
</gallery>

== References ==

*''please add your references here''

----
[[Category:Green Infrastructure 2014 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:28:58Z

Nicklp: /* Landscape and/or urban context of your case */

---> back to group page [[Green_Infrastructure_2014_-_Working_Group_C|working group C]]

'''''please add your title here'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' name of the site''
|-
| '''Country''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Germany''
|-
| '''City''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Munich''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Paulina Nickl''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[File:Dummy.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"|{{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=240
|lat=38.6964006
|lng=1.4531355000000303
|zoom=10
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==
Munich city has in my eyes a excellent grey and green infrastructure system. Every year a lot of money is spent in building new living area and also green structure in between. Nevertheless there are some places there are still wasteland and also highly coverted by different groups. One of this is the Pasinger Gleisdreieck located in a part of Munich called Pasing. It is a wasteland, which has a triangle form, closed on two sides by the trail lines and open just from the western part. This may be the reason why the land is a biotope for the nature and not so frequently used by the humans. What use can be find for this peace of land? Sell the ground to build new apartment complexes, fight for a natural reserve area in this part because of the rarely plants inside and for animals like birds breeding places. or keeping it as park or skate park for the kids?

== Author's perspective ==
Munich is the city I grow up in. Specially during the last years I spent a lot of time in this area watching the development of compression of the city. I have a bachelor degree in Anthropology and some experiences in Architecture from helping my father in his architecture office.

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

Munich is the third biggest city in Germany located in the south. With 1.4 Mio inhabitants and an area of about 310 km2, Munich has to organize the amount of people in a smaller area like other big cities in Germany (for example Hamburg has 1.7 Mio inhabitants in an area of about 755 km2). Munich has to handle a lot of inhabitants, but also want to be a green city. Munich has one of the biggest parks the English garden, but in total it has just about 7,5 % green space.
Munich is located near the alp mountain. During the ice age in the area was a end of glacier tongue. This is the reason for the ground consistence of gravel and sometimes high ground water level.
With more than 850 years, Munich has an old history. Located at the Isar river it became a big city since the middle ages because of the salt trade. During the second World War big parts of Munich were destroyed. Munich decided to reconstruct the buildings and not to build than in a new modern style. So today Munich has a beautiful reconstructed old city. They also decided to stop high buildings, so in the inner part of the city it is not allowed to construct buildings higher than 4/ 5 stories. On a view over Munich you will enjoy the wide view were just some church towers stack out of the normal roof level. If you think about the problem with the high amount of inhabitants it might be also a problem that it is not allowed to build higher apartment houses with more apartments in it.
To handle the problem with the increasing amount of inhabitants, the city builds new living complexes in the surrounding of Munich on the one hand. This is more easy because the ground is not that expensive like in the inner city and buildings can have more than 5 stories. On the other hand the ground in the inner city gets more expensive. Small houses or useless wasteland has to move for expensive apartment buildings. This phenomena of compression is in my eyes very interesting and worth to debate.
Do compression reduce the quality of life in the cities? How is compression compatible with green space and green infrastructure? Has a city any possibilities to form the growth? And if is it important that cities have to increase that fast?
The Pasinger Gleisdreieck is one example for this debate. It was some years the aim of different parties. First some short overview information about Pasing.
Pasing was until 1938 an independent city, and today one western part of Munich. It is integrated with train, bus, tram und metro. The rents of the apartments are not too expensive to live and via metro it is located still near the city centre. So Pasing is an interesting place to live or to invest in. The Pasinger Gleisdreieck is like a overlooked place. The wasteland is located between two train rail ways. On the north the S8 on the oest/ south the S6.
2010 two big concerns build big shopping complexes on one western part of the area, Obi and Metro. The environmental authority was really sad, because of the rare plants and the failed plan of a nature reserve. But there are still about two thirds free land. In The last years there were different ideas how to handle with the land. I would like concentrate my case studies on the favoured idea: to create a mixed park: green space for citizen, skate park and nature biotope reserve.

*''Illustrations: maps; sketches; short descriptive analyses''

<gallery caption= "Illustrations" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
Image:yourimage.jpg|your visual
</gallery>

== Analytical drawings ==
*''Please use analytical drawing for visualising the conflicts/potentials of your site''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
Image:your drawing.jpg|your drawing
</gallery>

== Green Infrastructure benefits for this site ==
''Look again at the multiple benefits of green infrastructure - what could be achieved in your site and which are most relevant?''

== Potential for multifunctionality ==
''Green infrastructure has typically multiple functions. What could be achieved for your site in this respect?''

== Projective drawings ==
* ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

* ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''
** ''you may add a short explanation here''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
Image:yourdrawing.jpg|projective drawing
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
*''100 words approx.''

== Image Gallery ==
''Please add further images/photos here''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
Image:yourimage.jpg|your image text
</gallery>

== References ==

*''please add your references here''

----
[[Category:Green Infrastructure 2014 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:27:55Z

Nicklp: /* Author's perspective */

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:26:53Z

Nicklp: /* Rationale: Why is this case interesting? */

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:25:57Z

Nicklp: /* Rationale: Why is this case interesting? */

Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4

2014-12-01T16:25:04Z

Nicklp: /* Rationale: Why is this case interesting? */

Green Infrastructure 2014 - Working Group C

2014-11-18T16:31:27Z

Nicklp: /* Munich - Gleisdreiseck Pasing, Germany - Paulina */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_Green_Infrastructure_2014|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. You can also access your template for assignment 4 (the joint design) from here. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==
*''The list with the group distribution shows you which lecture your group is supposed to document in the concept map format.''
*''Please add your collaborative concept map here by replacing the dummy image. Your map needs to have a new file name:''

<gallery caption=" " widths="200px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:yourfilename.jpg|''add your lecture title here by replacing this text''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Green infrastructure potential in your environment ==

*'''Assigned: Tuesday, October 28'''
*'''Due: Monday, December 1'''

''There is one template page for each group member. The case could be a specific site in direct vicinity or a larger area in your region. The objective is to identify structures that have the potential to become elements of a green infrastructure strategy. ''

=== [[Green Infrastructure 2014 Working Group C - Case Study 1|River of Tirana, Albania- Mirsa GISHTI]] ===

=== [[Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 2|City River (Shahar chay), Iran- Bahman Nahri]] ===

=== [[Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 3|The Cordoba Wetland, Colombia - Nataly Montoya]] ===

=== [[Green Infrastructure 2014 Group C - Case Study 4|Case Study 4]] ===
Munich - Gleisdreiseck Pasing, Germany - Paulina

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass3_slide1.jpg|slide 1
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass3_slide2.jpg|slide 2
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass3_slide3.jpg|slide 3
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass3_slide4.jpg|slide 4
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Green Infrastructure Design ==

*'''Assigned: Tuesday, December 2'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 26'''

==='''[[Collaborative Green Infrastructure Design Group C|Collaborative Design Working Group C]]'''===

=== Presentation Slides Collaborative Design ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass4_slide1.jpg|Analytical Drawings
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass4_slide2.jpg|Projective Drawings
Image:GI_yourgroupname_ass4_slide3.jpg|Design Synthesis
</gallery>

----

[[Category: Green Infrastructure 2014 Working Group]]