Wikienfk5 - User contributions [en]

Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 6

2014-02-03T12:46:34Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Presentation Slides Collaborative Design */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_International_Perspectives_Planting_Design_2013|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Conceptmap_group6.jpg|''Part 2 of the lecture by Heike Kaiser, landscape architect & planner at Braudo - Maoz Landscape Architecture Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel. This seminar focused on the development and planting design from a historical building in Yafo, a district in Tel Aviv.''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, October 30'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, December 3'''

=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study A|Case Study A]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B|Case Study B]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study C|Case Study C]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study D|Case Study D]] ===

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Slide1_group6.jpg|slide 1
Image:Slide2_group6.jpg|slide 2
Image:Slide3_group6.jpg|slide 3
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Planting Design ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, December 4'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 21'''

==='''[[Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6|Collaborative Design Working Group 6]]'''===

=== Presentation Slides Collaborative Design ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:group6_pres1.JPG|Analyical Drawings
Image:group6_pres2.jpeg|Projective Drawings
Image:group6_pres3.jpeg|SWOT
Image:group6_pres4.jpeg|Design Synthesis
</gallery>

----

[[Category: Planting Design 2013 Working Group]]

Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 6

2014-02-03T12:43:32Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Presentation Slides Collaborative Design */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_International_Perspectives_Planting_Design_2013|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Conceptmap_group6.jpg|''Part 2 of the lecture by Heike Kaiser, landscape architect & planner at Braudo - Maoz Landscape Architecture Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel. This seminar focused on the development and planting design from a historical building in Yafo, a district in Tel Aviv.''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, October 30'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, December 3'''

=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study A|Case Study A]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B|Case Study B]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study C|Case Study C]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study D|Case Study D]] ===

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Slide1_group6.jpg|slide 1
Image:Slide2_group6.jpg|slide 2
Image:Slide3_group6.jpg|slide 3
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Planting Design ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, December 4'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 21'''

==='''[[Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6|Collaborative Design Working Group 6]]'''===

=== Presentation Slides Collaborative Design ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:group6_pres1.JPG|Analyical Drawings
Image:group6_pres2.JPG|Projective Drawings
Image:group6_pres3.JPG|SWOT
Image:group6_pres4.JPG|Design Synthesis
</gallery>

----

[[Category: Planting Design 2013 Working Group]]

File:Group6 pres4.jpeg

2014-02-03T12:42:42Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:Group6 pres3.jpeg

2014-02-03T12:42:21Z

JeroenGeudens: uploaded a new version of "File:Group6 pres3.jpeg"

File:Group6 pres2.jpeg

2014-02-03T12:41:50Z

JeroenGeudens: Template 2

Template 2

Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 6

2014-02-03T12:40:20Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Presentation Slides Collaborative Design */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_International_Perspectives_Planting_Design_2013|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Conceptmap_group6.jpg|''Part 2 of the lecture by Heike Kaiser, landscape architect & planner at Braudo - Maoz Landscape Architecture Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel. This seminar focused on the development and planting design from a historical building in Yafo, a district in Tel Aviv.''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, October 30'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, December 3'''

=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study A|Case Study A]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B|Case Study B]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study C|Case Study C]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study D|Case Study D]] ===

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Slide1_group6.jpg|slide 1
Image:Slide2_group6.jpg|slide 2
Image:Slide3_group6.jpg|slide 3
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Planting Design ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, December 4'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 21'''

==='''[[Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6|Collaborative Design Working Group 6]]'''===

=== Presentation Slides Collaborative Design ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:group6_pres1.JPG|your text
Image:group6_pres2.JPG|your text
Image:group6_pres3.JPG|your text
Image:group6_pres4.JPG|your text
</gallery>

----

[[Category: Planting Design 2013 Working Group]]

File:Group6 pres3.jpeg

2014-02-03T12:39:56Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:Group6 pres2.jpg

2014-02-03T12:39:18Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:Group6 pres1.JPG

2014-02-03T12:38:02Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-28T19:20:16Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Summary of the collaborative process */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque, Hyeyoon Choi, Ladan Badiee, Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':

'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants.

''Forest and xeric and sub-xeric shrublands'':

Trupillo (Prosopis julliflora)

Aromos (Vachellia tortuosa)

Palo Brasil (Haematoxylon brasiletto)

Dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria)

Guamacho (Pereskiaguamacho)

Cardón de higo (Subpilocereus russellianus)

Tuna (Opuntia wentiana).

''Dry broadleaf forests'':

Elephant Ear Tree (Epiterolobium ciyclocarpum)

Jobo (Spondias mombin)

Naranjuelo (Crataeva tapia)

Guayacán (Guajacum)

Ébano (Caesalpinia ébano)

Ceiba or majagua (Pseubombax maximun)

''Tropical rainforest'':

Bryophyta sensu stricto

Bromeliáceas

Araceas

Orchidaceae

'''''Fauna''''':
The park has an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles.

Felidae (Feline): Panthera onca (Jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (Margay) and Puma yagouarondi (Jaguarundi)

Cervidae (Deer): Mazama americana (Red brocket) and Mazama rufina (Little red brocket)

Dasyproctidae (Ñeque): Dasyprocta punctata(Central American agouti)

Tayassuidae (Zainos): Tayassu tajacu (Collared peccary)

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

■ Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas

More than 27.000 tourists visit the Tayrona National Natural Park per year, producing more than 120 tonnes of rubbish. This had become a problem because there are just 30 people in charge of the rubbish collection, and they have to go trough thin and remote paths to collect it all. The most problematic areas are the beaches of Arrecifes and Cañaveral, where most tourists stay when they visit the park. Also indigenous peoples are starting to consume food from outside the park,( food cover by plastic wrappers, glass bottles, etc.),of which,they do not know how to despose properly, resulting in the rubbish being burried on site. To solve this problem they are recycling the plastic, glass, and other kind of materials in sisal sacks to then take it out of the park. My proposal to make this more effective is to divide the park in sectors, each sector will have new stone pedestrian routes wich lead to a collection point at the shoreline; then the rubbish collection will be easier. Also, the camping areas will be isolated, away from the park by using native vegetation around these areas as green barriers.There should also be crops where food can be collected, this area should be located inside the camping areas, in that manner the waste can be recycled, in a more environmentally friendly way (like the indigenous do).

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:Analysis3.jpg|Best Path For Hiking Trail & Native Camps
Image:GA1.jpg|How to get to the Park
Image:GA2.jpg|Best time to go (weather)
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:Analysis1.jpg|Hiking Trails & Native Camps
Image:GA3.jpg|Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|Analysis on eco-train
Image:SWOT-Hiking.jpg|Analysis on hiking & camping
Image:SWOT MF.jpg|Analysis on rubbish issues and improvement of camping areas
Image:SWOT-Beaches.jpg|Analysis on making the entire park more accessible
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==

[[Image:Collaborative_Design_-_Planting_Design.jpg|300px]]

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:Nativecamp.jpg|Jungle Camp, by Poring Hot Springs, Mt Kinabalu
Image:Roodkhan Fotress Way.jpg|Roodkhan Fotress Way,Iran
</gallery>

== References ==

http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=02.020217
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/colombia/caribbean-coast/parque-nacional-tayrona
http://discoveringice.com/travels/south-america-colombia/the-ultimate-guide-to-tayrona-national-natural-park-santa-marta-colombia.html
http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/vacations-holidays-where-to-go/recommended-weekend-destinations/tayrona
http://parquenacionaltayrona.blogspot.de/2009/07/clima.html

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-28T19:18:29Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Summary of the collaborative process */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque, Hyeyoon Choi, Ladan Badiee, Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':

'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants.

''Forest and xeric and sub-xeric shrublands'':

Trupillo (Prosopis julliflora)

Aromos (Vachellia tortuosa)

Palo Brasil (Haematoxylon brasiletto)

Dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria)

Guamacho (Pereskiaguamacho)

Cardón de higo (Subpilocereus russellianus)

Tuna (Opuntia wentiana).

''Dry broadleaf forests'':

Elephant Ear Tree (Epiterolobium ciyclocarpum)

Jobo (Spondias mombin)

Naranjuelo (Crataeva tapia)

Guayacán (Guajacum)

Ébano (Caesalpinia ébano)

Ceiba or majagua (Pseubombax maximun)

''Tropical rainforest'':

Bryophyta sensu stricto

Bromeliáceas

Araceas

Orchidaceae

'''''Fauna''''':
The park has an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles.

Felidae (Feline): Panthera onca (Jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (Margay) and Puma yagouarondi (Jaguarundi)

Cervidae (Deer): Mazama americana (Red brocket) and Mazama rufina (Little red brocket)

Dasyproctidae (Ñeque): Dasyprocta punctata(Central American agouti)

Tayassuidae (Zainos): Tayassu tajacu (Collared peccary)

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

■ Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas

More than 27.000 tourists visit the Tayrona National Natural Park per year, producing more than 120 tonnes of rubbish. This had become a problem because there are just 30 people in charge of the rubbish collection, and they have to go trough thin and remote paths to collect it all. The most problematic areas are the beaches of Arrecifes and Cañaveral, where most tourists stay when they visit the park. Also indigenous peoples are starting to consume food from outside the park,( food cover by plastic wrappers, glass bottles, etc.),of which,they do not know how to despose properly, resulting in the rubbish being burried on site. To solve this problem they are recycling the plastic, glass, and other kind of materials in sisal sacks to then take it out of the park. My proposal to make this more effective is to divide the park in sectors, each sector will have new stone pedestrian routes wich lead to a collection point at the shoreline; then the rubbish collection will be easier. Also, the camping areas will be isolated, away from the park by using native vegetation around these areas as green barriers.There should also be crops where food can be collected, this area should be located inside the camping areas, in that manner the waste can be recycled, in a more environmentally friendly way (like the indigenous do).

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:Analysis3.jpg|Best Path For Hiking Trail & Native Camps
Image:GA1.jpg|How to get to the Park
Image:GA2.jpg|Best time to go (weather)
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:Analysis1.jpg|Hiking Trails & Native Camps
Image:GA3.jpg|Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|Analysis on eco-train
Image:SWOT-Hiking.jpg|Analysis on hiking & camping
Image:SWOT MF.jpg|Analysis on rubbish issues and improvement of camping areas
Image:SWOT-Beaches.jpg|Analysis on making the entire park more accessible
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==

Image:Collaborative_Design_-_Planting_Design.jpg|300px

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:Nativecamp.jpg|Jungle Camp, by Poring Hot Springs, Mt Kinabalu
Image:Roodkhan Fotress Way.jpg|Roodkhan Fotress Way,Iran
</gallery>

== References ==

http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=02.020217
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/colombia/caribbean-coast/parque-nacional-tayrona
http://discoveringice.com/travels/south-america-colombia/the-ultimate-guide-to-tayrona-national-natural-park-santa-marta-colombia.html
http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/vacations-holidays-where-to-go/recommended-weekend-destinations/tayrona
http://parquenacionaltayrona.blogspot.de/2009/07/clima.html

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-28T19:16:25Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Summary of the collaborative process */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque, Hyeyoon Choi, Ladan Badiee, Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':

'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants.

''Forest and xeric and sub-xeric shrublands'':

Trupillo (Prosopis julliflora)

Aromos (Vachellia tortuosa)

Palo Brasil (Haematoxylon brasiletto)

Dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria)

Guamacho (Pereskiaguamacho)

Cardón de higo (Subpilocereus russellianus)

Tuna (Opuntia wentiana).

''Dry broadleaf forests'':

Elephant Ear Tree (Epiterolobium ciyclocarpum)

Jobo (Spondias mombin)

Naranjuelo (Crataeva tapia)

Guayacán (Guajacum)

Ébano (Caesalpinia ébano)

Ceiba or majagua (Pseubombax maximun)

''Tropical rainforest'':

Bryophyta sensu stricto

Bromeliáceas

Araceas

Orchidaceae

'''''Fauna''''':
The park has an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles.

Felidae (Feline): Panthera onca (Jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (Margay) and Puma yagouarondi (Jaguarundi)

Cervidae (Deer): Mazama americana (Red brocket) and Mazama rufina (Little red brocket)

Dasyproctidae (Ñeque): Dasyprocta punctata(Central American agouti)

Tayassuidae (Zainos): Tayassu tajacu (Collared peccary)

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

■ Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas

More than 27.000 tourists visit the Tayrona National Natural Park per year, producing more than 120 tonnes of rubbish. This had become a problem because there are just 30 people in charge of the rubbish collection, and they have to go trough thin and remote paths to collect it all. The most problematic areas are the beaches of Arrecifes and Cañaveral, where most tourists stay when they visit the park. Also indigenous peoples are starting to consume food from outside the park,( food cover by plastic wrappers, glass bottles, etc.),of which,they do not know how to despose properly, resulting in the rubbish being burried on site. To solve this problem they are recycling the plastic, glass, and other kind of materials in sisal sacks to then take it out of the park. My proposal to make this more effective is to divide the park in sectors, each sector will have new stone pedestrian routes wich lead to a collection point at the shoreline; then the rubbish collection will be easier. Also, the camping areas will be isolated, away from the park by using native vegetation around these areas as green barriers.There should also be crops where food can be collected, this area should be located inside the camping areas, in that manner the waste can be recycled, in a more environmentally friendly way (like the indigenous do).

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:Analysis3.jpg|Best Path For Hiking Trail & Native Camps
Image:GA1.jpg|How to get to the Park
Image:GA2.jpg|Best time to go (weather)
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:Analysis1.jpg|Hiking Trails & Native Camps
Image:GA3.jpg|Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|Analysis on eco-train
Image:SWOT-Hiking.jpg|Analysis on hiking & camping
Image:SWOT MF.jpg|Analysis on rubbish issues and improvement of camping areas
Image:SWOT-Beaches.jpg|Analysis on making the entire park more accessible
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==

Collaborative_Design_-_Planting_Design.jpg

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:Nativecamp.jpg|Jungle Camp, by Poring Hot Springs, Mt Kinabalu
Image:Roodkhan Fotress Way.jpg|Roodkhan Fotress Way,Iran
</gallery>

== References ==

http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=02.020217
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/colombia/caribbean-coast/parque-nacional-tayrona
http://discoveringice.com/travels/south-america-colombia/the-ultimate-guide-to-tayrona-national-natural-park-santa-marta-colombia.html
http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/vacations-holidays-where-to-go/recommended-weekend-destinations/tayrona
http://parquenacionaltayrona.blogspot.de/2009/07/clima.html

File:Collaborative Design - Planting Design.jpg

2014-01-28T19:16:06Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-28T10:36:13Z

JeroenGeudens: /* References */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque, Hyeyoon Choi, Ladan Badiee, Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':

'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants.

''Forest and xeric and sub-xeric shrublands'':

Trupillo (Prosopis julliflora)

Aromos (Vachellia tortuosa)

Palo Brasil (Haematoxylon brasiletto)

Dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria)

Guamacho (Pereskiaguamacho)

Cardón de higo (Subpilocereus russellianus)

Tuna (Opuntia wentiana).

''Dry broadleaf forests'':

Elephant Ear Tree (Epiterolobium ciyclocarpum)

Jobo (Spondias mombin)

Naranjuelo (Crataeva tapia)

Guayacán (Guajacum)

Ébano (Caesalpinia ébano)

Ceiba or majagua (Pseubombax maximun)

''Tropical rainforest'':

Bryophyta sensu stricto

Bromeliáceas

Araceas

Orchidaceae

'''''Fauna''''':
The park has an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles.

Felidae (Feline): Panthera onca (Jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (Margay) and Puma yagouarondi (Jaguarundi)

Cervidae (Deer): Mazama americana (Red brocket) and Mazama rufina (Little red brocket)

Dasyproctidae (Ñeque): Dasyprocta punctata(Central American agouti)

Tayassuidae (Zainos): Tayassu tajacu (Collared peccary)

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

■ Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas

More than 27.000 tourists visit the Tayrona National Natural Park per year, producing more than 120 tonnes of rubbish. This had become a problem because there are just 30 people in charge of the rubbish collection, and they have to go trough thin and remote paths to collect it all. The most problematic areas are the beaches of Arrecifes and Cañaveral, where most tourists stay when they visit the park. Also indigenous peoples are starting to consume food from outside the park,( food cover by plastic wrappers, glass bottles, etc.),of which,they do not know how to despose properly, resulting in the rubbish being burried on site. To solve this problem they are recycling the plastic, glass, and other kind of materials in sisal sacks to then take it out of the park. My proposal to make this more effective is to divide the park in sectors, each sector will have new stone pedestrian routes wich lead to a collection point at the shoreline; then the rubbish collection will be easier. Also, the camping areas will be isolated, away from the park by using native vegetation around these areas as green barriers.There should also be crops where food can be collected, this area should be located inside the camping areas, in that manner the waste can be recycled, in a more environmentally friendly way (like the indigenous do).

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:Analysis3.jpg|Best Path For Hiking Trail & Native Camps
Image:GA1.jpg|How to get to the Park
Image:GA2.jpg|Best time to go (weather)
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:Analysis1.jpg|Hiking Trails & Native Camps
Image:GA3.jpg|Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|Analysis on eco-train
Image:SWOT-Hiking.jpg|Analysis on hiking & camping
Image:SWOT MF.jpg|Analysis on rubbish issues and improvement of camping areas
Image:SWOT-Beaches.jpg|Analysis on making the entire park more accessible
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:Nativecamp.jpg|Jungle Camp, by Poring Hot Springs, Mt Kinabalu
Image:Roodkhan Fotress Way.jpg|Roodkhan Fotress Way,Iran
</gallery>

== References ==

http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=02.020217
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/colombia/caribbean-coast/parque-nacional-tayrona
http://discoveringice.com/travels/south-america-colombia/the-ultimate-guide-to-tayrona-national-natural-park-santa-marta-colombia.html
http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/vacations-holidays-where-to-go/recommended-weekend-destinations/tayrona
http://parquenacionaltayrona.blogspot.de/2009/07/clima.html

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-28T10:35:54Z

JeroenGeudens: /* References */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque, Hyeyoon Choi, Ladan Badiee, Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':

'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants.

''Forest and xeric and sub-xeric shrublands'':

Trupillo (Prosopis julliflora)

Aromos (Vachellia tortuosa)

Palo Brasil (Haematoxylon brasiletto)

Dividivi (Caesalpinia coriaria)

Guamacho (Pereskiaguamacho)

Cardón de higo (Subpilocereus russellianus)

Tuna (Opuntia wentiana).

''Dry broadleaf forests'':

Elephant Ear Tree (Epiterolobium ciyclocarpum)

Jobo (Spondias mombin)

Naranjuelo (Crataeva tapia)

Guayacán (Guajacum)

Ébano (Caesalpinia ébano)

Ceiba or majagua (Pseubombax maximun)

''Tropical rainforest'':

Bryophyta sensu stricto

Bromeliáceas

Araceas

Orchidaceae

'''''Fauna''''':
The park has an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles.

Felidae (Feline): Panthera onca (Jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (Margay) and Puma yagouarondi (Jaguarundi)

Cervidae (Deer): Mazama americana (Red brocket) and Mazama rufina (Little red brocket)

Dasyproctidae (Ñeque): Dasyprocta punctata(Central American agouti)

Tayassuidae (Zainos): Tayassu tajacu (Collared peccary)

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

■ Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas

More than 27.000 tourists visit the Tayrona National Natural Park per year, producing more than 120 tonnes of rubbish. This had become a problem because there are just 30 people in charge of the rubbish collection, and they have to go trough thin and remote paths to collect it all. The most problematic areas are the beaches of Arrecifes and Cañaveral, where most tourists stay when they visit the park. Also indigenous peoples are starting to consume food from outside the park,( food cover by plastic wrappers, glass bottles, etc.),of which,they do not know how to despose properly, resulting in the rubbish being burried on site. To solve this problem they are recycling the plastic, glass, and other kind of materials in sisal sacks to then take it out of the park. My proposal to make this more effective is to divide the park in sectors, each sector will have new stone pedestrian routes wich lead to a collection point at the shoreline; then the rubbish collection will be easier. Also, the camping areas will be isolated, away from the park by using native vegetation around these areas as green barriers.There should also be crops where food can be collected, this area should be located inside the camping areas, in that manner the waste can be recycled, in a more environmentally friendly way (like the indigenous do).

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:Analysis3.jpg|Best Path For Hiking Trail & Native Camps
Image:GA1.jpg|How to get to the Park
Image:GA2.jpg|Best time to go (weather)
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:Analysis1.jpg|Hiking Trails & Native Camps
Image:GA3.jpg|Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|Analysis on eco-train
Image:SWOT-Hiking.jpg|Analysis on hiking & camping
Image:SWOT MF.jpg|Analysis on rubbish issues and improvement of camping areas
Image:SWOT-Beaches.jpg|Analysis on making the entire park more accessible
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:Nativecamp.jpg|Jungle Camp, by Poring Hot Springs, Mt Kinabalu
Image:Roodkhan Fotress Way.jpg|Roodkhan Fotress Way,Iran
</gallery>

== References ==

http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=02.020217
http://www.lonelyplanet.com/colombia/caribbean-coast/parque-nacional-tayrona
http://discoveringice.com/travels/south-america-colombia/the-ultimate-guide-to-tayrona-national-natural-park-santa-marta-colombia.html
http://www.colombia.travel/en/international-tourist/vacations-holidays-where-to-go/recommended-weekend-destinations/tayrona
http://parquenacionaltayrona.blogspot.de/2009/07/clima.html

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-26T14:44:46Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Design Synthesis */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque, Hyeyoon Choi, Ladan Badiee, Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants.

Felidae (Feline): Panthera onca (Jaguar), Leopardus pardalis (Ocelot), Leopardus wiedii (Margay) and Puma yagouarondi (Jaguarundi)

Cervidae (Deer): Mazama americana (Red brocket) and Mazama rufina (Little red brocket)

Dasyproctidae (Ñeque): Dasyprocta punctata(Central American agouti)

Tayassuidae (Zainos): Tayassu tajacu (Collared peccary)

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

■ Mitigating issues of rubbish and improving camping areas

More than 27.000 tourists visit the Tayrona National Natural Park per year, producing more than 120 tonnes of rubbish. This had become a problem because there are just 30 people in charge of the rubbish collection, and they have to go trough thin and remote paths to collect it all. The most problematic areas are the beaches of Arrecifes and Cañaveral, where most tourists stay when they visit the park. Also indigenous peoples are starting to consume food from outside the park,( food cover by plastic wrappers, glass bottles, etc.),of which,they do not know how to despose properly, resulting in the rubbish being burried on site. To solve this problem they are recycling the plastic, glass, and other kind of materials in sisal sacks to then take it out of the park. My proposal to make this more effective is to divide the park in sectors, each sector will have new stone pedestrian routes wich lead to a collection point at the shoreline; then the rubbish collection will be easier. Also, the camping areas will be isolated, away from the park by using native vegetation around these areas as green barriers.There should also be crops where food can be collected, this area should be located inside the camping areas, in that manner the waste can be recycled, in a more environmentally friendly way (like the indigenous do).

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:Analysis3.jpg|Best Path For Hiking Trail & Native Camps
Image:GA1.jpg|How to get to the Park
Image:GA2.jpg|Best time to go (weather)
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:Analysis1.jpg|Hiking Trails & Native Camps
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|Analysis on eco-train
Image:SWOT-Hiking.jpg|Analysis on hiking & camping
Image:SWOT MF.jpg|SWOT Analysis on rubbish issues and improvement of camping areas
Image:SWOT-Beaches.jpg|Analysis on making the entire park more accessible
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:Nativecamp.jpg|Jungle Camp, by Poring Hot Springs, Mt Kinabalu
Image:Roodkhan Fotress Way.jpg|Roodkhan Fotress Way,Iran
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:SWOT-Beaches.jpg

2014-01-26T14:43:16Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-20T20:04:33Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Projective drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|SWOT Analysis on Eco train
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-20T20:04:18Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Analytical drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes), of course with an emphasis on planting design/vegetation aspects. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing representing his/her individual ideas.''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|SWOT Analysis on Eco train
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-20T20:03:22Z

JeroenGeudens: /* What are the objectives of your design? */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

■ Sustained ecotourism focused around modified beach accessibility

Because there already is very limited access to large parts of the natural park, there is a lot of pressure to the areas that are open to visitors, especially the beaches. To prevent the beaches getting littered and the coral reefs getting damaged/destroyed, I'd like to propose a few design interventions to spread the visitors over a larger area of the nature park, keeping in mind not to disturb the flora and fauna too much. For that, wooden decks would be used to make very inaccessible areas such as the mangroves or steep hills more in reach of ecotourist or locals. Boulders and rocks can be used to prevent access to over-used beaches, (temporarily) allowing them to recover. Small boats leaving from a boathouse could also transport people to remote areas for a small fee, which can then be used for the preservation of the park. Hiking trails could be expanded, with the compulsive use of guides to prevent disturbing wildlife or getting into dangerous situations. The area is large enough for 3 to 4-day hiking routes, something I've seen to be very popular in South Africa, whilst being ecologically tolerable.

== Analytical drawings ==
''Please add four analytical sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) of your case. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing.''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes), of course with an emphasis on planting design/vegetation aspects. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing representing his/her individual ideas.''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|SWOT Analysis on Eco train
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-20T19:51:20Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Projective drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

== Analytical drawings ==
''Please add four analytical sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) of your case. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing.''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes), of course with an emphasis on planting design/vegetation aspects. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing representing his/her individual ideas.''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:Tayrona_futuresketch.jpg|Beach accessibility & Improvements
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|SWOT Analysis on Eco train
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:Tayrona futuresketch.jpg

2014-01-20T19:50:29Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2014-01-20T19:37:32Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Analytical drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrona National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots.'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

■ Accessibility Improvement Plan with Eco Train

One of the issues in Tayrona National Natural Park is accessibility. There are only two ways to access with boat or on foot through trail course and both takes about 1 hr. In case of boat, it is limited by tide. To improve accessibility, I want to suggest eco train in Tayrona National Natural Park. Train is the most eco friendly transportation and it is already introduced in primeval forest in Jeju Island, Korea. It minimizes the effects on forest with single lane narrow mini train but provide a great experience for tourist to observe virgin nature of volcanic forest.

To minimize interference on nature in Tayrona Park, it is strongly recommended to set buffer zone along coastal line, where the most popular spots exist and plan the lane of train inside of buffer zone. Train is operated regularly and it is possible to restrict people explore outside of buffer zone so core area of nature would be preserved efficiently. Furthermore, guide explanation in the train could help tourist understand cultural and historical background.

== Analytical drawings ==
''Please add four analytical sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) of your case. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing.''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:a1.jpg|Elevation of the Park, main different heights
Image:Accessibility.png|Accessibility and Improvement Plan
Image:Tayrona_analysis1.jpg|Different natural areas
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes), of course with an emphasis on planting design/vegetation aspects. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing representing his/her individual ideas.''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Railway in tayrona.png|Railway and Planting Plan
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|projective drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Swot railway.png|SWOT Analysis on Eco train
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Jeju eco train 2.jpg|Jeju Island Eco Train
Image:East coastal line.jpg|Single track east coastal line in Korea
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:Tayrona analysis1.jpg

2014-01-20T19:35:30Z

JeroenGeudens:

Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 6

2013-12-25T19:18:03Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_International_Perspectives_Planting_Design_2013|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Conceptmap_group6.jpg|''Part 2 of the lecture by Heike Kaiser, landscape architect & planner at Braudo - Maoz Landscape Architecture Ltd, Tel Aviv, Israel. This seminar focused on the development and planting design from a historical building in Yafo, a district in Tel Aviv.''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, October 30'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, December 3'''

=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study A|Case Study A]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B|Case Study B]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study C|Case Study C]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study D|Case Study D]] ===

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Slide1_group6.jpg|slide 1
Image:Slide2_group6.jpg|slide 2
Image:Slide3_group6.jpg|slide 3
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Planting Design ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, December 4'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 21'''

==='''[[Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6|Collaborative Design Working Group 6]]'''===

----

[[Category: Planting Design 2013 Working Group]]

File:Conceptmap group6.jpg

2013-12-25T19:03:54Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2013-12-24T07:30:04Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Analytical drawings */

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2013-12-24T07:29:14Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2013-12-24T07:29:01Z

JeroenGeudens:

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2013-12-24T07:28:38Z

JeroenGeudens:

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Tayrone National Natural Park: Natural environments, and how they return us to our roots'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| ''Tayrona National Natural Park''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombian Caribbean - Magdalena''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Colombia''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''María Fernanda González Duque''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:p.tayrona.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=11.296934
|lng=-74.166496
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

== Analytical drawings ==
''Please add four analytical sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) of your case. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing.''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|analytical drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|analytical drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|analytical drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes), of course with an emphasis on planting design/vegetation aspects. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing representing his/her individual ideas.''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|projective drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|projective drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|synthesis drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|image 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|image 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6

2013-12-24T07:25:29Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Landscape and/or urban context of your case */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Please add the title of your case study here, adjust the map coordinates and replace the moa image with a characteristic image of your site'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' add name''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''add location''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''add country''
|-
| '''Authors''' || style="background:Lavender"|''add author''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Moa.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=71.295556
|lng=-156.766389
|zoom=8
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

The Tayrona National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona), is located in the Department of Magdalena, north of Colombia, in the Caribbean sea. With approximately 30 Km2 of maritime area and 150 Km2 of land area, is one of the most visited Natural parks of this country. Its extension goes from Taganga (western side) trough the coastline, until the Piedras River (eastern side).

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t.mapa.jpg|''Park Location''
Image:t.mapa2.jpg
Image:t.mapa3.jpg
</gallery>

*'''''Biogeography''':
'''''Ecosystems''''':
Due to the different altitudes presents around the park and the pyramid shape of the mountains, we can find temperatures between 25º and 32º, these conditions makes the park have a very dry or wet weather; here we can find tropical rainforest, dry forest, spiny forest, submontane forest, cloud forest and several ecosystems, such as Mangroves, Seagrasses, Coral reefs, Rocky coastline, Lagoons, etc.

'''''Hydrography''''':
Consists of two drainage systems, the maritime one is formed by a set of small streams and creeks that flow into the sea and the continental one is formed by the streams that flow into the Rio Piedras.

'''''Flora and Fauna''''':
The park has a natural wealth flora of over 350 maritime species and 770 terrestrial along with an extensive fauna, 15 species of amphibians, 202 species of sponges, 471 species of crustaceans, 96 species of annuals, 700 species of molluscs, 110 species of corals and 401 species of sea and river fish, 108 species of mammals, 300 species of birds, 70 species of bats, 31 species of reptiles. The coastal zone has the greatest wealth of marine vegetation of the whole Colombian Caribbean, with more than 31 types of different plants

*'''''Cultural features''''':
'''''History''''':
The Tayrona, an ancient indigenous group of chiefdoms, dwelled this region (Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta) between the 800 a.C. and the 1600 a.C., before the arrival of the Spanish in Colombia, their economy was based on agriculture of fruital trees, corn crops and plants. They developed their civilization at 900 - 2000 meters above the sea, due to the mild climate and the variety of local products.

1498: First contact between indigenous and Spanish with Fernando González de Oviedo.

1525: Foundation of Santa Marta city.

1525-1599: Instability between Tayronas and Spanish which led to intense periods of conflict and war.

1600: Beginning of the decimation of the indigenous in hands of the Spanish.

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:t1.jpg|''Ilustration: Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta''
Image:t2.jpg|''Ilustration: The population''
Image:t3.jpg|''Ilustration: The cities''
Image:t4.jpg|''Ilustration: Period of conflict with the Spanish''
</gallery>

The survivors of this decimation were interned in the highest parts of the massif to escape from the Spanish; their descendants are the Kogi, who has maintained themselves isolated so far.

1973: A grave robber, found Lost City (Spanish: Ciudad Perdida).

1976: A Colombian scientific expedition arrived to the Lost City and begging with a process of restoration and conservation of the archaeological remains and the terraces of the city and the entire park.

1979: Is declared a Biosphere reserve of humanity by UNESCO

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:k1.jpg|''Tayronas descendants, The Koguis''
Image:k2.jpg|''Kogui's Houses''
Image:k3.jpg|''Kogui's cities''

</gallery>

The Eco-tourism there, is a great way to being interest and economic infrastructure to the reserve, without causing any damage to the ecosystem. It is amazing to be able to witness such a variety of ecosystems and also the archaeological remains of a Tayrona city of pre-colombian Colombia, the white sand beaches and waters in deep blue, gives great natural and historical diversity to the landscape.''

== What are the objectives of your design? ==

''Please give a short written argumentation (not more than 150 words). It is ok if you have different or even contradicting objectives within your group. Just make it explicit at the beginning of your process ''

== Analytical drawings ==
''Please add four analytical sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) of your case. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing.''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|analytical drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|analytical drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|analytical drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes), of course with an emphasis on planting design/vegetation aspects. Every group member needs to contribute at least one drawing representing his/her individual ideas.''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|projective drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|projective drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Design Synthesis ==
''Please analyse the individual approaches presented so far and evaluate their strengths and weaknesses (you may use the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT_analysis SWOT]analysis model). Try to create a synthesis and represent it with a plan and some sketches. You can still use drawings/sketches.''

<gallery caption="Design Synthesis Drawings" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|synthesis drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|synthesis drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|synthesis drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|synthesis drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary of the collaborative process ==
''Please reflect on your collaborative design process. Which potentials have you encountered? What was most difficult? What does collaborative design mean for you? (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==
''You may add a series of images/photos in addition to the sketches/drawings''

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|image 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|image 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|image 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|image 4
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Collaborative Design]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

Talk:Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 25

2013-12-16T18:48:59Z

JeroenGeudens:

'''Nishtha''': I see major similarities in the second and third case. They both have a focus on water and they are both forgotten places which could be manipulated to become very good landscapes. Even your projective approaches are very similar in the sense that you both try to use minimal intervention and using the existing plant system as a base for further development. As for case 1, very typical for a lot landscape sites in developing Asian countries to not have proper access and amenities but of course the natural untouched landscape is always an advantage that cannot be easily found in the rest of the world! The access base would be a great development for this site. Good work everybody!

'''Jeroen''': Case studies A & B have been described very well. For C & D there's a lot of information still missing so I only get a basic idea of what those sites look like but I'm missing the links to planting design together with ideas for future development.
As for case study A: Everything is very clearly explained; The historical background of the site is quite interesting. The different views of the people who live there did strike me as a little odd, since where I live, people would find a natural area of that size close to the city an amazing thing. Nonetheless, the area might be too derelict or inaccessible of course. All in all a very worthy read. Only remark would be that the projective drawings don't foresee a lot of new elements. I would think an area that size with remarkable aspects could provide more opportunities? Just my opinion though, the minimal approach might work just as well.
For case study B: I very much like the approach of this case. Although it encompasses mostly urban and historical elements, the whole project in the end depends on the correct use of the vegetation for the revalorization of the site. The analytic drawings are simple (not a bad thing! :) ) but very easy to read and understand. The extra descriptions and concept map make everything even more clear. For some reason I really like the projective drawings. Saying everything with a few white lines and words is just great! Of course the explanation underneath the drawings helps as well, but again, I like the simplicity and 'nonchalance' feel of the drawings!
I don't know why C & D haven't been completed, they have potential to be interesting cases as well!

Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 6

2013-12-10T19:05:48Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_International_Perspectives_Planting_Design_2013|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==
*''The list with the group distribution shows you which lecture your group is supposed to document in the concept map format.''
*''Please add your collaborative concept map here by replacing the dummy image. Your map needs to have a new file name:''

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Moa.jpg|''your image text, short explanation''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, October 30'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, December 3'''

=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study A|Case Study A]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B|Case Study B]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study C|Case Study C]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study D|Case Study D]] ===

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Slide1_group6.jpg|slide 1
Image:Slide2_group6.jpg|slide 2
Image:Slide3_group6.jpg|slide 3
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Planting Design ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, December 4'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 21'''

==='''[[Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6|Collaborative Design Working Group 6]]'''===

----

[[Category: Planting Design 2013 Working Group]]

Planting Design 2013 - Working Group 6

2013-12-10T19:05:24Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Presentation Slides Assignment 3 */

--> Back to [[Working_Groups_Seminar_International_Perspectives_Planting_Design_2013|working group overview]]

''Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Each member has an individual page for documenting his/her personal case. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
''

== Assignment 2 - Lecture Concept Map ==
*''The list with the group distribution shows you which lecture your group is supposed to document in the concept map format.''
*''Please add your collaborative concept map here by replacing the dummy image. Your map needs to have a new file name:''

<gallery caption=" " widths="250px" heights="150px" perrow="3">
Image:Moa.jpg|''your image text, short explanation''
</gallery>

== Assignment 3 - Images of Nature in your Environment ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, October 30'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, December 3'''

''An 'image of nature' can be any planting design or vegetation structure. It might be on a local scale in your direct vicinity or be a part of a wider landscape structure. Each group member finds an individual page here that links to a template. You can use this template for documenting your case.''

=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study A|Case Study A]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B|Case Study B]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study C|Case Study C]] ===
=== [[Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study D|Case Study D]] ===

=== Presentation Slides Assignment 3 ===

<gallery caption=" " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:Slide1_group6.jpg|slide 1
Image:Slide2_group6.jpg|slide 2
Image:Slide3_group6.jpg|slide 3
</gallery>

== Assignment 4 - Collaborative Planting Design ==

*'''Assigned: Wednesday, December 4'''
*'''Due: Tuesday, January 21'''

==='''[[Collaborative Design Planting Design Working Group 6|Collaborative Design Working Group 6]]'''===

----

[[Category: Planting Design 2013 Working Group]]

File:Slide3 group6.jpg

2013-12-10T19:04:51Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:Slide2 group6.jpg

2013-12-10T19:04:35Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:Slide1 group6.jpg

2013-12-10T19:04:19Z

JeroenGeudens:

Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B

2013-12-03T18:16:08Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Analytical drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Rietveld Kallo: Highly dynamic nature reserve in the Port of Antwerp'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Rietveld Kallo''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Beveren-Waas''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Belgium''
|-
| '''Author''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Cover.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=51.24645
|lng=4.280433
|zoom=14
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==

''The nature reserve 'Rietveld Kallo' is part of the European Natura2000-network, that strives to protect endangered animal and plant species and their natural habitats. The focus of the Rietveld Kallo lies with small aquatic animals and sedentary and migratory birds. Its location right next to the Port of Antwerp makes for an interesting interaction between nature, industry, agriculture and residential space.
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is situated 2km from my home and forms a barrier between the Port of Antwerp (Europe's second biggest container port) and several agricultural villages. Due to the harbour expansion, a few smaller villages and vast expanses of rich agricultural land were turned into industrial space such as docks, loading bays and logistics. To prevent unrestrained expansion, a masterplan set out boundaries to safeguard the agricultural land and to guarantee the liveability of the smaller towns within these lands next to the harbour.''
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is one of a few nature reserves that helped create this barrier. Because of the harbour expansion, several former smaller nature reserves disappeared, but are now compensated within larger, interconnected nature reserves. The Rietveld Kallo is only a few years old, as it was conceived to replace a former nature reserve that disappeared due to the construction of a freight line.''

== Author's perspective ==
''After my bachelor's degree in landscape architecture I followed a 1-year programme in landscape development. This programme followed a strong analytic approach of landscapes on large to very large scale levels. A few important themes were history, ecology, GIS, planning and policy. All aspects of a landscape were examined, assessed, valued and turned into design or planning principles. Because of the unique layout (albeit not in a positive way) of the mostly small-scale landscape types in Flanders, one of the main themes landscape architects and planners have to deal with here is connecting the few remaining open landscapes through natural corridors, densificating urban areas as to not take up anymore open space and increasing the amount of 'Green' (as in nature reserves and forests), since Flanders is one of the worst regions in Europe in this field. The Rietveld Kallo is a fine example of planning on different scales and political levels: From a European policy on interconnected natural habitats to a greater local biodiversity, it shows us that every bit of nature can play its' role in a larger whole, and that nature cannot be seen as isolated and bordered entities.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
Image:Context_Overview_JG.jpg|Overview of the surrounding area and context
Image:JG_timelapse.jpg|From farmland to reed marshes

</gallery>

*''The Rietveld Kallo consists of different types of vegetation structures:''
''1. The largest part is marshland. There are a few areas that are always submerged throughout the year, and others that are flooded periodically during late autumn and winter. Because of this there's a high dynamic in vegetation, with certain types such as reeds and grasses that are found in large quantities on the borders of these wetlands and that are persistent over the years. Next to that there's a lot of annuals that pop up randomly because of the flooding dynamic and the transportation of seed through the water.''

''2. Another feature are the earthen dikes. These are currently mown once or twice a year, and are inhabited by several native perennials, annuals and a few seedlings from trees and shrubs. Throughout time, these lands will be turned into woodland and serve as natural barrier against air and noise pollution from the nearby highways, railways and port activities.''

''3. A few borders of the reserve are formed by tree-lined avenues. These trees are important landmarks and also serve as nesting place for several birds who do not nest near the waterside.''

*''This nature reserve is part of a very large area that was reclaimed from the sea by the use of dikes and water drainage systems, and afterwards turned into farmland. This reserve used to be farmland as well, but to reinstate it as wetland, a lot of digging had to be done to restore the original contours. Historically, this area's height was only about 1 to 1.5m above sea level. Nowadays, the whole region lies at a height of 5 to 8 meters. The earth that was recovered from digging was used to build the earthen dikes that now border the reserve.''

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_bwk.jpg|Biological Diversity & Evaluation of Surrounding Nature
Image:JG_borders.jpg|Borders & Barriers
Image:JG_posneg.jpg|Positive & Negative Characteristics
Image:JG_dynamic.jpg|Natural Dynamics
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
* ''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) for your case and take the following aspects into account:''
** ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_proposal 1.jpg|Connect adjacent nature reserve
Image:JG_proposal 2.jpg|Improve accessibility
Image:JG_proposal 3.jpg|Increase screen and structural planting
Image:JG_proposal 4.jpg|Create a large interconnected ecological network
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
''Please summarize your case and give arguments for your projective design (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_overview.jpg|Panoramic view in late autumn
Image:JG_wooddeck.jpg|Wooden decks & pathways blend in naturally
Image:JG_birds.jpg|The nature reserve is popular with all sorts of birds
Image:JG_reeds.jpg|Reeds give protection and create nesting areas for all types of animals
Image:JG_talud.jpg|Earthen dikes enclose the reserve and form a barrier between nature and the harbour
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:JG dynamic.jpg

2013-12-03T18:15:26Z

JeroenGeudens:

Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B

2013-12-02T20:48:02Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Projective drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Rietveld Kallo: Highly dynamic nature reserve in the Port of Antwerp'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Rietveld Kallo''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Beveren-Waas''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Belgium''
|-
| '''Author''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Cover.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=51.24645
|lng=4.280433
|zoom=14
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==

''The nature reserve 'Rietveld Kallo' is part of the European Natura2000-network, that strives to protect endangered animal and plant species and their natural habitats. The focus of the Rietveld Kallo lies with small aquatic animals and sedentary and migratory birds. Its location right next to the Port of Antwerp makes for an interesting interaction between nature, industry, agriculture and residential space.
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is situated 2km from my home and forms a barrier between the Port of Antwerp (Europe's second biggest container port) and several agricultural villages. Due to the harbour expansion, a few smaller villages and vast expanses of rich agricultural land were turned into industrial space such as docks, loading bays and logistics. To prevent unrestrained expansion, a masterplan set out boundaries to safeguard the agricultural land and to guarantee the liveability of the smaller towns within these lands next to the harbour.''
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is one of a few nature reserves that helped create this barrier. Because of the harbour expansion, several former smaller nature reserves disappeared, but are now compensated within larger, interconnected nature reserves. The Rietveld Kallo is only a few years old, as it was conceived to replace a former nature reserve that disappeared due to the construction of a freight line.''

== Author's perspective ==
''After my bachelor's degree in landscape architecture I followed a 1-year programme in landscape development. This programme followed a strong analytic approach of landscapes on large to very large scale levels. A few important themes were history, ecology, GIS, planning and policy. All aspects of a landscape were examined, assessed, valued and turned into design or planning principles. Because of the unique layout (albeit not in a positive way) of the mostly small-scale landscape types in Flanders, one of the main themes landscape architects and planners have to deal with here is connecting the few remaining open landscapes through natural corridors, densificating urban areas as to not take up anymore open space and increasing the amount of 'Green' (as in nature reserves and forests), since Flanders is one of the worst regions in Europe in this field. The Rietveld Kallo is a fine example of planning on different scales and political levels: From a European policy on interconnected natural habitats to a greater local biodiversity, it shows us that every bit of nature can play its' role in a larger whole, and that nature cannot be seen as isolated and bordered entities.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
Image:Context_Overview_JG.jpg|Overview of the surrounding area and context
Image:JG_timelapse.jpg|From farmland to reed marshes

</gallery>

*''The Rietveld Kallo consists of different types of vegetation structures:''
''1. The largest part is marshland. There are a few areas that are always submerged throughout the year, and others that are flooded periodically during late autumn and winter. Because of this there's a high dynamic in vegetation, with certain types such as reeds and grasses that are found in large quantities on the borders of these wetlands and that are persistent over the years. Next to that there's a lot of annuals that pop up randomly because of the flooding dynamic and the transportation of seed through the water.''

''2. Another feature are the earthen dikes. These are currently mown once or twice a year, and are inhabited by several native perennials, annuals and a few seedlings from trees and shrubs. Throughout time, these lands will be turned into woodland and serve as natural barrier against air and noise pollution from the nearby highways, railways and port activities.''

''3. A few borders of the reserve are formed by tree-lined avenues. These trees are important landmarks and also serve as nesting place for several birds who do not nest near the waterside.''

*''This nature reserve is part of a very large area that was reclaimed from the sea by the use of dikes and water drainage systems, and afterwards turned into farmland. This reserve used to be farmland as well, but to reinstate it as wetland, a lot of digging had to be done to restore the original contours. Historically, this area's height was only about 1 to 1.5m above sea level. Nowadays, the whole region lies at a height of 5 to 8 meters. The earth that was recovered from digging was used to build the earthen dikes that now border the reserve.''

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_bwk.jpg|Biological Diversity & Evaluation of Surrounding Nature
Image:JG_borders.jpg|Borders & Barriers
Image:JG_posneg.jpg|Positive & Negative Characteristics
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
* ''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) for your case and take the following aspects into account:''
** ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_proposal 1.jpg|Connect adjacent nature reserve
Image:JG_proposal 2.jpg|Improve accessibility
Image:JG_proposal 3.jpg|Increase screen and structural planting
Image:JG_proposal 4.jpg|Create a large interconnected ecological network
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
''Please summarize your case and give arguments for your projective design (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_overview.jpg|Panoramic view in late autumn
Image:JG_wooddeck.jpg|Wooden decks & pathways blend in naturally
Image:JG_birds.jpg|The nature reserve is popular with all sorts of birds
Image:JG_reeds.jpg|Reeds give protection and create nesting areas for all types of animals
Image:JG_talud.jpg|Earthen dikes enclose the reserve and form a barrier between nature and the harbour
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:JG proposal 4.jpg

2013-12-02T20:45:40Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:JG proposal 3.jpg

2013-12-02T20:45:25Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:JG proposal 2.jpg

2013-12-02T20:45:09Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:JG proposal 1.jpg

2013-12-02T20:44:43Z

JeroenGeudens:

Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B

2013-12-02T17:01:16Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Analytical drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Rietveld Kallo: Highly dynamic nature reserve in the Port of Antwerp'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Rietveld Kallo''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Beveren-Waas''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Belgium''
|-
| '''Author''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Cover.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=51.24645
|lng=4.280433
|zoom=14
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==

''The nature reserve 'Rietveld Kallo' is part of the European Natura2000-network, that strives to protect endangered animal and plant species and their natural habitats. The focus of the Rietveld Kallo lies with small aquatic animals and sedentary and migratory birds. Its location right next to the Port of Antwerp makes for an interesting interaction between nature, industry, agriculture and residential space.
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is situated 2km from my home and forms a barrier between the Port of Antwerp (Europe's second biggest container port) and several agricultural villages. Due to the harbour expansion, a few smaller villages and vast expanses of rich agricultural land were turned into industrial space such as docks, loading bays and logistics. To prevent unrestrained expansion, a masterplan set out boundaries to safeguard the agricultural land and to guarantee the liveability of the smaller towns within these lands next to the harbour.''
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is one of a few nature reserves that helped create this barrier. Because of the harbour expansion, several former smaller nature reserves disappeared, but are now compensated within larger, interconnected nature reserves. The Rietveld Kallo is only a few years old, as it was conceived to replace a former nature reserve that disappeared due to the construction of a freight line.''

== Author's perspective ==
''After my bachelor's degree in landscape architecture I followed a 1-year programme in landscape development. This programme followed a strong analytic approach of landscapes on large to very large scale levels. A few important themes were history, ecology, GIS, planning and policy. All aspects of a landscape were examined, assessed, valued and turned into design or planning principles. Because of the unique layout (albeit not in a positive way) of the mostly small-scale landscape types in Flanders, one of the main themes landscape architects and planners have to deal with here is connecting the few remaining open landscapes through natural corridors, densificating urban areas as to not take up anymore open space and increasing the amount of 'Green' (as in nature reserves and forests), since Flanders is one of the worst regions in Europe in this field. The Rietveld Kallo is a fine example of planning on different scales and political levels: From a European policy on interconnected natural habitats to a greater local biodiversity, it shows us that every bit of nature can play its' role in a larger whole, and that nature cannot be seen as isolated and bordered entities.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
Image:Context_Overview_JG.jpg|Overview of the surrounding area and context
Image:JG_timelapse.jpg|From farmland to reed marshes

</gallery>

*''The Rietveld Kallo consists of different types of vegetation structures:''
''1. The largest part is marshland. There are a few areas that are always submerged throughout the year, and others that are flooded periodically during late autumn and winter. Because of this there's a high dynamic in vegetation, with certain types such as reeds and grasses that are found in large quantities on the borders of these wetlands and that are persistent over the years. Next to that there's a lot of annuals that pop up randomly because of the flooding dynamic and the transportation of seed through the water.''

''2. Another feature are the earthen dikes. These are currently mown once or twice a year, and are inhabited by several native perennials, annuals and a few seedlings from trees and shrubs. Throughout time, these lands will be turned into woodland and serve as natural barrier against air and noise pollution from the nearby highways, railways and port activities.''

''3. A few borders of the reserve are formed by tree-lined avenues. These trees are important landmarks and also serve as nesting place for several birds who do not nest near the waterside.''

*''This nature reserve is part of a very large area that was reclaimed from the sea by the use of dikes and water drainage systems, and afterwards turned into farmland. This reserve used to be farmland as well, but to reinstate it as wetland, a lot of digging had to be done to restore the original contours. Historically, this area's height was only about 1 to 1.5m above sea level. Nowadays, the whole region lies at a height of 5 to 8 meters. The earth that was recovered from digging was used to build the earthen dikes that now border the reserve.''

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_bwk.jpg|Biological Diversity & Evaluation of Surrounding Nature
Image:JG_borders.jpg|Borders & Barriers
Image:JG_posneg.jpg|Positive & Negative Characteristics
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
* ''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) for your case and take the following aspects into account:''
** ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|projective drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|projective drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
''Please summarize your case and give arguments for your projective design (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_overview.jpg|Panoramic view in late autumn
Image:JG_wooddeck.jpg|Wooden decks & pathways blend in naturally
Image:JG_birds.jpg|The nature reserve is popular with all sorts of birds
Image:JG_reeds.jpg|Reeds give protection and create nesting areas for all types of animals
Image:JG_talud.jpg|Earthen dikes enclose the reserve and form a barrier between nature and the harbour
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:JG posneg.jpg

2013-12-02T16:59:43Z

JeroenGeudens:

File:JG borders.jpg

2013-12-02T16:59:11Z

JeroenGeudens:

Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B

2013-12-01T18:40:37Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Analytical drawings */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Rietveld Kallo: Highly dynamic nature reserve in the Port of Antwerp'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Rietveld Kallo''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Beveren-Waas''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Belgium''
|-
| '''Author''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Cover.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=51.24645
|lng=4.280433
|zoom=14
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==

''The nature reserve 'Rietveld Kallo' is part of the European Natura2000-network, that strives to protect endangered animal and plant species and their natural habitats. The focus of the Rietveld Kallo lies with small aquatic animals and sedentary and migratory birds. Its location right next to the Port of Antwerp makes for an interesting interaction between nature, industry, agriculture and residential space.
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is situated 2km from my home and forms a barrier between the Port of Antwerp (Europe's second biggest container port) and several agricultural villages. Due to the harbour expansion, a few smaller villages and vast expanses of rich agricultural land were turned into industrial space such as docks, loading bays and logistics. To prevent unrestrained expansion, a masterplan set out boundaries to safeguard the agricultural land and to guarantee the liveability of the smaller towns within these lands next to the harbour.''
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is one of a few nature reserves that helped create this barrier. Because of the harbour expansion, several former smaller nature reserves disappeared, but are now compensated within larger, interconnected nature reserves. The Rietveld Kallo is only a few years old, as it was conceived to replace a former nature reserve that disappeared due to the construction of a freight line.''

== Author's perspective ==
''After my bachelor's degree in landscape architecture I followed a 1-year programme in landscape development. This programme followed a strong analytic approach of landscapes on large to very large scale levels. A few important themes were history, ecology, GIS, planning and policy. All aspects of a landscape were examined, assessed, valued and turned into design or planning principles. Because of the unique layout (albeit not in a positive way) of the mostly small-scale landscape types in Flanders, one of the main themes landscape architects and planners have to deal with here is connecting the few remaining open landscapes through natural corridors, densificating urban areas as to not take up anymore open space and increasing the amount of 'Green' (as in nature reserves and forests), since Flanders is one of the worst regions in Europe in this field. The Rietveld Kallo is a fine example of planning on different scales and political levels: From a European policy on interconnected natural habitats to a greater local biodiversity, it shows us that every bit of nature can play its' role in a larger whole, and that nature cannot be seen as isolated and bordered entities.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
Image:Context_Overview_JG.jpg|Overview of the surrounding area and context
Image:JG_timelapse.jpg|From farmland to reed marshes

</gallery>

*''The Rietveld Kallo consists of different types of vegetation structures:''
''1. The largest part is marshland. There are a few areas that are always submerged throughout the year, and others that are flooded periodically during late autumn and winter. Because of this there's a high dynamic in vegetation, with certain types such as reeds and grasses that are found in large quantities on the borders of these wetlands and that are persistent over the years. Next to that there's a lot of annuals that pop up randomly because of the flooding dynamic and the transportation of seed through the water.''

''2. Another feature are the earthen dikes. These are currently mown once or twice a year, and are inhabited by several native perennials, annuals and a few seedlings from trees and shrubs. Throughout time, these lands will be turned into woodland and serve as natural barrier against air and noise pollution from the nearby highways, railways and port activities.''

''3. A few borders of the reserve are formed by tree-lined avenues. These trees are important landmarks and also serve as nesting place for several birds who do not nest near the waterside.''

*''This nature reserve is part of a very large area that was reclaimed from the sea by the use of dikes and water drainage systems, and afterwards turned into farmland. This reserve used to be farmland as well, but to reinstate it as wetland, a lot of digging had to be done to restore the original contours. Historically, this area's height was only about 1 to 1.5m above sea level. Nowadays, the whole region lies at a height of 5 to 8 meters. The earth that was recovered from digging was used to build the earthen dikes that now border the reserve.''

== Analytical drawings ==

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_bwk.jpg|Biological Diversity & Evaluation of Surrounding Nature
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|analytical drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|analytical drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
* ''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) for your case and take the following aspects into account:''
** ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|projective drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|projective drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
''Please summarize your case and give arguments for your projective design (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_overview.jpg|Panoramic view in late autumn
Image:JG_wooddeck.jpg|Wooden decks & pathways blend in naturally
Image:JG_birds.jpg|The nature reserve is popular with all sorts of birds
Image:JG_reeds.jpg|Reeds give protection and create nesting areas for all types of animals
Image:JG_talud.jpg|Earthen dikes enclose the reserve and form a barrier between nature and the harbour
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories

File:JG bwk.jpg

2013-12-01T18:39:27Z

JeroenGeudens:

Planting Design 2013 Working Group 6 - Case Study B

2013-11-29T15:41:59Z

JeroenGeudens: /* Landscape and/or urban context of your case */

---> back to group page [[Planting_Design_2013_-_Working_Group_6|working group 6]]

'''''Rietveld Kallo: Highly dynamic nature reserve in the Port of Antwerp'''''

{| align="right" width="300pt" style="background:Gainsboro; color:black"
|-
| '''Name''' ||style="background:Lavender"| '' Rietveld Kallo''
|-
| '''Location''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Beveren-Waas''
|-
| '''Country''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Belgium''
|-
| '''Author''' || style="background:Lavender"|''Jeroen Geudens''
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| [[Image:Cover.jpg|300px]]
|-
| ||style="background:Lavender"|
|-
| colspan="3" align="center" style="background:silver"| {{#widget:GoogleMaps
|width=300
|height=200
|lat=51.24645
|lng=4.280433
|zoom=14
|centermarker=yes
|maptypecontrol=yes
|overviewmapcontrol=yes
|largemapcontrol=yes
|scalecontrol=yes
}}
|}

== Rationale: Why is this case interesting? ==

''The nature reserve 'Rietveld Kallo' is part of the European Natura2000-network, that strives to protect endangered animal and plant species and their natural habitats. The focus of the Rietveld Kallo lies with small aquatic animals and sedentary and migratory birds. Its location right next to the Port of Antwerp makes for an interesting interaction between nature, industry, agriculture and residential space.
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is situated 2km from my home and forms a barrier between the Port of Antwerp (Europe's second biggest container port) and several agricultural villages. Due to the harbour expansion, a few smaller villages and vast expanses of rich agricultural land were turned into industrial space such as docks, loading bays and logistics. To prevent unrestrained expansion, a masterplan set out boundaries to safeguard the agricultural land and to guarantee the liveability of the smaller towns within these lands next to the harbour.''
* ''The Rietveld Kallo is one of a few nature reserves that helped create this barrier. Because of the harbour expansion, several former smaller nature reserves disappeared, but are now compensated within larger, interconnected nature reserves. The Rietveld Kallo is only a few years old, as it was conceived to replace a former nature reserve that disappeared due to the construction of a freight line.''

== Author's perspective ==
''After my bachelor's degree in landscape architecture I followed a 1-year programme in landscape development. This programme followed a strong analytic approach of landscapes on large to very large scale levels. A few important themes were history, ecology, GIS, planning and policy. All aspects of a landscape were examined, assessed, valued and turned into design or planning principles. Because of the unique layout (albeit not in a positive way) of the mostly small-scale landscape types in Flanders, one of the main themes landscape architects and planners have to deal with here is connecting the few remaining open landscapes through natural corridors, densificating urban areas as to not take up anymore open space and increasing the amount of 'Green' (as in nature reserves and forests), since Flanders is one of the worst regions in Europe in this field. The Rietveld Kallo is a fine example of planning on different scales and political levels: From a European policy on interconnected natural habitats to a greater local biodiversity, it shows us that every bit of nature can play its' role in a larger whole, and that nature cannot be seen as isolated and bordered entities.''

== Landscape and/or urban context of your case ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="250px" heights="250px" perrow="4">
Image:Context_Overview_JG.jpg|Overview of the surrounding area and context
Image:JG_timelapse.jpg|From farmland to reed marshes

</gallery>

*''The Rietveld Kallo consists of different types of vegetation structures:''
''1. The largest part is marshland. There are a few areas that are always submerged throughout the year, and others that are flooded periodically during late autumn and winter. Because of this there's a high dynamic in vegetation, with certain types such as reeds and grasses that are found in large quantities on the borders of these wetlands and that are persistent over the years. Next to that there's a lot of annuals that pop up randomly because of the flooding dynamic and the transportation of seed through the water.''

''2. Another feature are the earthen dikes. These are currently mown once or twice a year, and are inhabited by several native perennials, annuals and a few seedlings from trees and shrubs. Throughout time, these lands will be turned into woodland and serve as natural barrier against air and noise pollution from the nearby highways, railways and port activities.''

''3. A few borders of the reserve are formed by tree-lined avenues. These trees are important landmarks and also serve as nesting place for several birds who do not nest near the waterside.''

*''This nature reserve is part of a very large area that was reclaimed from the sea by the use of dikes and water drainage systems, and afterwards turned into farmland. This reserve used to be farmland as well, but to reinstate it as wetland, a lot of digging had to be done to restore the original contours. Historically, this area's height was only about 1 to 1.5m above sea level. Nowadays, the whole region lies at a height of 5 to 8 meters. The earth that was recovered from digging was used to build the earthen dikes that now border the reserve.''

== Analytical drawings ==
''Please add four analytical sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) of your case and take the following aspects into account:''
* ''natural dynamic versus cultural framework - in how far do these two forces come together in your case?''
* ''dynamic through the year (you may imagine how the site looks in spring and summer, maybe you also remember it)''
* ''highlight potentials and problems''

<gallery caption="Analytical Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|analytical drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|analytical drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|analytical drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|analytical drawing 4
</gallery>

== Projective drawings ==
* ''Please add four projective sketches/drawings (or montages/schemes) for your case and take the following aspects into account:''
** ''How would you like this case to change in the near future? (in 1-2 years)''
** ''And how could it look like in 10-15 years?''

<gallery caption="Projective Drawings " widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:yourfilename1.jpg|projective drawing 1
Image:yourfilename2.jpg|projective drawing 2
Image:yourfilename3.jpg|projective drawing 3
Image:yourfilename4.jpg|projective drawing 4
</gallery>

== Summary and conclusion ==
''Please summarize your case and give arguments for your projective design (approx 150 words).''

== Image Gallery ==

<gallery caption="Image Gallery" widths="150px" heights="150px" perrow="4">
Image:JG_overview.jpg|Panoramic view in late autumn
Image:JG_wooddeck.jpg|Wooden decks & pathways blend in naturally
Image:JG_birds.jpg|The nature reserve is popular with all sorts of birds
Image:JG_reeds.jpg|Reeds give protection and create nesting areas for all types of animals
Image:JG_talud.jpg|Earthen dikes enclose the reserve and form a barrier between nature and the harbour
</gallery>

== References ==
''* Please make sure that you give proper references of all external resources used.''

''* Do not use images of which you do not hold the copyright.''

''* Please add internet links to other resources if necessary.''

----
[[Category:Planting Design 2013 Case Study]]

About categories: You can add more categories with this tag: "[[Category:Category Name]]", add your categories